Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Interprofessional Clinical Placement †Free Samples to Students

Question: Talk about the Interprofessional Clinical Placement. Answer: Presentation The examination explains an unmistakable conversation on proficient personality and its significance in nursing calling taking reference of an ABC news story Just an attendant composed by Caitlin Brassington a Registered Nurse of Queensland. The investigation subtleties a record understanding proficient character and parts of the nursing calling. Further, proficient parts of Caitlin are broke down to plainly exhibit her expert way of life as an enlisted nurture alluding her article. Finally, the investigation includes a short close to home reflection on proficient character in nursing alluding Caitlins article. The models from the expert nursing implicit rules, nursing esteems and nursing morals are considered in the investigation to help following reaction to the inquiry. Investigating, tolerating and supporting Caitlin Brassingtons discernment about expert personality in nursing calling by tolerating her perspective in the article Just a medical attendant composed by Caitlin Brassington. Proficient character and expert nursing As indicated by Hensel Laux (2014) study proficient character is self-recognition, self-idea and self-conviction dependent on once own properties, instruction, qualities, inspirations and encounters. Proficient character is a joint effort of expert learning with individual recognition. Maranon Pera (2015) showed that proficient character is something that continues creating lifetime since it depends on once discernment, qualities, calling and experience. Further, Beddoe (2013) likewise showed that nursing proficient personality is essential to the science and specialty of nursing where basic beliefs change as plainly obvious as an expert learn, develop and gain understanding. As per Larson et al. (2013), the above all else angle that help proficient personality is nursing instruction where medical caretakers are given learning chances to comprehend their guiding principle and create as an expert according to their observation. For instance Nursing training gave to all the medical caretakers is comparable however their expert hand or working shifts from one another in light of the fact that the effect of guiding principle on taking in changes from individual to individual. This variety is resolved and characterized as close to home personality in nursing. Further, Cowin et al. (2013) demonstrated that work esteems and condition is another viewpoint that bolsters proficient personality since nursing is a handy calling where medical attendants work in a particular work environment and create self-idea according to the gave working environment situation. Nursing calling gives a chance of autonomous speculation dependent on information and practice. In this ma nner, working environment esteems and condition assists with building up this free reasoning reflects in proficient personality of a medical attendant. Ultimately, the third part of nursing depicted by Beddoe (2013) is the chance to rehearse brilliantly and morally in nursing calling assists with supporting proficient personality. According to proficient implicit rules, medical attendants have total opportunity to rehearse brilliantly with their moral confinement. Consequently, this set of principles support in building up an expert character. Observing or invalidating proficient parts of a Nurses job The open letter of Caitlin Brassington emphatically exhibits her to be a finished proficient medical attendant holding a decent expert character. The perspectives from an open letter that exhibit her expert character are her amazing self-reflection on being an attendant followed by her instruction and experience totally bolsters her expert personality. Further, her view of considering an aware mentality towards her calling that didnt permit her to acknowledge the title of being Just a medical caretaker shows her noble expert character. The corner store partner of Caitlin tended to her as She had never observed me in uniform and said she didn't understand I was only a medical attendant (Am I only a medical attendant?, 2017). This discourteous conduct was not an adequate marvel for Caitlin and as a reaction, she composed an article via web-based networking media portraying her necessity, significance and regard of being an attendant in her own discernment shows a fair proficient character. Hoeve, Jansen Roodbol (2014) demonstrated that online networking is an extraordinary stage that expert can use to interface with individuals in regards to advertising and their work callings too. Consequently, Caitlin utilizing web-based social networking to communicate her sentiments was totally acknowledged by others demonstrating positive reaction regarding her observation. In open letter, Caitlin considered her expert work that she does being an enlisted nurture. Caitlin explanations like I have helped babies into the world, huge numbers of whom required help to take their first breath, but then I am only a medical attendant and I can deal with a heart failure in an infant, a youngster or a grown-up, but then I am only a medical caretaker and so on. (Am I only a medical attendant?, 2017) demonstrate that she holds a decent self-reflection on her training, qualities, disposition and discernment as an expert. She totally comprehends the significance of an attendant in the clinical calling where medical caretaker works from offering life to somebody or helping somebody at long last phase of their life. Johnson et al. (2012) showed that self-reflection is a significant nursing conduct that assists with creating and keep up nursing quality principles. Along these lines, this part of self-reflection demonstrates that Caitlin holds a stately and conscious exp ert personality. Further, articulations of Caitlin like I can instruct patients, carers, junior attendants and junior specialists on sickness states, guesses and treatment plans, but then I am only an attendant and I have been a speaker in an institute of medication, showing clinical understudies how to play out a deliberate physical assessment of a patient, but I am only an attendant (Am I only a medical caretaker?, 2017) demonstrates that she is an informed and experienced proficient RN. As indicated by Hood et al. (2014) contemplates, nursing instruction assists with creating competency, certainty, information and insight towards once own calling. An informed proficient is a cooperation of uprightness, decent variety, moral practice, comprehensive quality and greatness in the way of life that are a basic prerequisite of an expert personality. Thus, Caitlin portrayal about her instruction and experience to be sure backings her expert character. Caitlin is an informed medical attendant having a tota l information and experience about her calling. This instruction and experience helped her to build up a conscious disposition towards her calling. Consequently, this instruction didnt permit her to acknowledge the affronting mentality of her associate towards her calling. Another part of Caitlins open letter that shows her expert personality is her conscious demeanor towards her calling. Larson et al. (2013) demonstrated that proficient character is a result of individual recognition one creates towards their calling. In the current case circumstance, Caitlin was worn out, furious and disappointed on account of the work yet, she was not prepared to acknowledge the rude disposition of her associate towards her calling. Thus, Caitlin solid and deferential individual recognition about her calling plainly bolsters her expert personality in a hopeful way. End The point by point concentrate on Caitlins open letter unmistakably shows that she holds a positive and stately expert way of life as a nursing proficient. According to concentrate on proficient personality and nursing viewpoints it is plainly comprehended that proficient character is certainly not a solitary attribute rather it is a result of nursing perspectives like instruction, experience, values, rehearses and so on by breaking down the open letter of Caitlin it is been seen that Caitlin conveys certain remarkable nursing angles that totally exhibit her expert character to be a constructive, stately and aware one. Caitlins instruction, experience, self-reflection and deferential disposition towards her calling unmistakably show her sure and honorable expert way of life as an expert Registered Nurse. Indeed, even in the circumstance of outrage and disappointment towards her work, she didn't acknowledge the impolite demeanor of her partner towards her calling. This shows she conveys a noble and deferential methodology towards her calling. According to my own recognition, Caitlin made a greatness defense towards her calling giving appreciation, poise and appreciation to herself just as her calling. Any work or calling is neither little nor pointless. Each work holds its own significance and centrality in the public eye. Caitlin depiction about her job as a RN holds a profound look towards her calling. The ordinary work of a medical attendant stretches out from life to death, trouble to satisfaction, damage to recuperation. Indeed, even I was amazed to peruse her open letter since she flawlessly depicted her calling with full regard and poise even in a disposition of outrage and disappointment. As an expert medical caretaker, I might want to build up the attribute of sense of pride, caring discernment and self-reflection that Caitlin holds in her expert character. Caitlin couldn't acknowledge the ill bred tending to gave by her associate to her calling and composing an open letter accordingly shows her extraordinary standard of confidence and respect. As an expert, I might want to build up a comparative degree of sense of pride in my recognition towards myself just as my calling. I was astonished to peruse the open letter by knowing the consideration that Caitlin gives to her patients. I might likewise want to grow such caring recognition in my expert personality. Further, her self-reflection on her expert work is unimaginable. Her depiction of nursing practice shows that nursing job is a significant job in clinical practice. Further, her acknowledgment of being in a furious state of mind and disappointment

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Beauty therapy Free Essays

Alexandrine †consumed by melanin, Is (close to Infrared) Is best when utilized on fair skin and Isn’t safe to use on darker skin. It is Mann obvious light frequency. It has a beat dried exhibit of 810 NM for pale to medium skin types. We will compose a custom paper test on Magnificence treatment or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Alexandrine has a watched shading change from green to red. Alexandrine results from little scope substitution of an aluminum by chromium Ions In the gem structure, which causes Intense retention of the light over a tight scope of frequencies in the yellow area of the spectrum’ (Wisped) [http://en. M. Wisped. Organization/wick/Chrysler/alexandrine] Alexandrine is a trochaic pearl, which shows green, red, and orangey-yellow hues. Ruby-it Is more profound and Is 694. NM In noticeable frequency and consumed by melanin, and isn’t utilized for hair expulsion any more drawn out as It Is just sheltered to use on customers with exceptionally fair skin. Ruby laser is a strong laser. Its engineered medium is ruby gem. Ruby lasers utilize short beats of red light. Diode †is a semiconductor laser that is electronically siphoned. They have the biggest frequency choice, discharges Mann close to Infrared frequency OCW and Is consumed by melanin. Laser diodes are persistently transmitting diodes from infrared to red, green or blue. Beat laser diodes or Plus have frequencies of Mann and annum. Mann are single producers. annum are eye safe. A diode is a semi conductive metal which permits vitality to go one way. A : Wag ? a precious stone, and the most widely recognized type of laser. They normally transmit a light frequency of annum in the infrared. They can work in consistent or beat mode. These lasers can be utilized to treat various ailments, for example, ophthalmology, waterfalls medical procedure, intense point conclusion glaucoma, amiable or harmful injuries, skin diseases, just as hair evacuation or vascular deformities. Sway lasers have been utilized in assembling, for example, etching and drawing. PL †or extreme beat light, shoots 2 or 3 heartbeats at a similar objective with a particular deferral between the beats. The spot size or width of the laser pillar influences treatment. Hypothetically, the width of the Ideal pillar Is around multiple times as wide as the objective Is deep’ (Wisped). PL use discharge or vitality which is estimated in joules. Epidermal cooling with the PL implies that higher fluencies can be utilized and treatment is less agonizing. Light Heat Energy (broadband range frameworks) †light is changed over into heat which targets different chromospheres In the skin, for example, hemoglobin, melanin, and water. ‘Definition †Intense beat light depicts the utilization of Intense beats of non-lucid light appropriated over a scope of frequencies from Mann to annum for evacuation of hair and other purposed. A related, however unmistakable method is hair expulsion; the essential respect Is that laser medicines utilizes created rational ND monochromatic light’ (Wisped). Question 2 †Investigate the different strategies for skin cooling comparable to laser and I OFF Cooling gels are water based and are applied to the skin pre-treatment and where important after treatment. The gel works by vanishing. Ice packs might be applied to the zone pre and post treatment, however not legitimately to the skin as ice consumes can happen, Wrap the ice pack in a slim expendable covering like bed roll. Cryogenic splashes or cold air is produced and coordinated to the zone of treatment. Both are pre and post treatment. Cryogenic cooling is incorporated with certain frameworks. Synchronous contact cooling is accessible on frameworks that work through a scanner. It encourages pre and post treatment cooling, and concurrent cooling with lasing. This technique accelerates treatment time by a progression of laser beats discharging one after another in a controlled zone. Question 3 †depict the suggested time interims between medicines for each are and give explanations behind this. How would you assess the viability of the treatment. Examine purposes behind poor hair evacuation results. Portray the suggested time interims between medicines for skin revival and give purposes behind this. It is essential that ensuing medications are given at normal interims. The hair should be at the connect with phase of development for ideal outcomes to be accomplished. Time interims are typically as follows: Area Eyebrows Upper lip Chin Armpit Legs Arms Bikini Retirement in weeks 5-7 3-5 6-8 6-12 8-10 Engage is the dynamic development condition of the hair cycle. The follicle has changed, the hair bulb is creating encompassing the dermal papilla and new hair structures developing from the lattice in the bulb. ‘Because of the repetitive idea of hair development the follicles are consistently at various phases of their own development cycle. At the point when hair is expelled, along these lines, the hair won't develop back simultaneously. Therefore, waxing or stringing can seem to decrease the amount of hair development. ‘ (the Foundations Beauty Therapy 2 by Lorraine Mormon). Assessing the adequacy of the treatment can be gotten to through photos. It is acceptable practice to take photos when every treatment. Treatment records keeping notes on progress and perceptions. Customer criticism is basic for assessing the viability of the treatment. Customers can give data, for example, how frequently they are shaving, if the hair is feeling better, pivoting out or if the hair is done becoming back. A portion of the purposes behind poor hair evacuation results could be that the customer has in expanded measure of melanin in the skin causing lower vitality discharge or Joule setting. The hair development cycle may not be at the draw in stage implying that the hair isn't dynamic. It could be at the telling or house stage. The customer may have topical hair evacuation between medicines. Adjusted for every individual customer. Customers may have tattoos. We don't work over tattoos as the shade of ink may warm up and cause a consume or decrease in shading or quality. We can utilize a white pencil or void the region. Customers skin types and hair shading impact how every treatment is adjusted, as the lighter the skin the lower the melanin content and the darker the hair is the higher the melanin content. In this way, the best outcomes are on a fair complexion with a dim hair. We can increment or reduction the beat discharge and Joules to suit the customers skin type and hair shading. Question 5 †Give an individual reflection on how you have felt from the beginning of utilizing laser/lap to how you feel on going out into the business. You can incorporate how you believe you have created and how it will influence you later on. At the point when I originally began working with lasers the entirety of the data was very unnerving, it wasn’t until I began to separate each snippet of data that I started to see how and why PL and lasers work. I have been turning out to be in the business with PL and utilized different bits of PL hardware with organizations, for example, Crystal Medical, Linton, Pulsar and Skin First. I have seen some hardware as more successful than others. The best machine I have seen as in the Linton Illuminate Advanced which is at present utilized by the NASH. Utilizing a bit of gear that is being utilized by the NASH ingrain trust in me, and furthermore in my customers provided that the NASH are utilizing such a bit of hardware, in my brain it would be regarded to be restoratively agreeable, tried, dependable and give viable outcomes. Later on I might want to see an increasingly productive technique for hair expulsion or maybe a machine that can cover a huge zone in every treatment. I might likewise want to see the guidelines on who can utilize PL or laser machines fixed as right now anybody can have autonomous preparing by means of the organizations who gracefully the machines over two or three days. I accept this isn't sufficient information or experience to be let free on individuals from people in general. Step by step instructions to refer to Beauty treatment, Papers

Wednesday, August 12, 2020

Puente Hills Toyota. Essay Sample

Puente Hills Toyota. Essay Sample Puente Hills Toyota. The Top-Notch Car Manufacturer When youve already decided to purchase a car and even choose the vehicle model, you may face one issue: where to find a reputable dealer. The overarching goal of this essay is to discern about Puente Hills Toyota, the biggest Toyota dealer in California. We will check all offers and benefits of this company and see why it is regarded to be the leading one. What is Puente Hills Toyota? It is the largest Toyota dealer in California, USA. The company is owned by a well-known corporation Hitchcock Automotive Services. It is situated in the San Gabriel Valley. It stands to mention that this company is regarded to be very popular in this district, and hundreds of enthusiasts and professional drivers choose PHT. What does PHT offer? Except for a broad assortment of new and used vehicles, the company also provides service specials, parts savings and Toyota incentives. All these services are essential for many drivers, who prefer Toyota to lots of other car models. The official website of the company offers everyone taking a virtual trip to their “office.” You can see many cars provided by this company. It really impresses. You will find either new car model or a used one, which can comply with your demands. Trucks, vans or SUVs â€" you always have a choice. Toyota Puente Hills can comply with demands of all types of customers. If you care about your investments and can’t afford to buy one or another car, you can come to this company and test-drive any used-car priced under $15000. If you are one of those customers who prefer to drive only expensive cars, they have what to offer you. You may come and test-drive a new Toyota sedan, Corolla or Camry and choose the one you like most of all. Besides, the company has a professional team of financial specialists. Their overarching goal is to help you find the car of your dream, consult you and help you either buy or even lease the car which fits your requirements. In sober fact, they do anything to meet the customers’ needs. Does the company offer car repair services? Each customer, who makes a decision to buy a vehicle from this manufacturer, faces this question. However, the answer is affirmative. Except for a broad selection of cars, the company also offers quality car repairs as well. Still, these services are available to those who reside in San Gabriel Valley. At any time of the day, you can call to their office and get simple oil changes, brake pad service, tire rotations, engine repairs, etc. Their friendly team will always help you puzzle out your issue. The option of scheduling the service appointment online allows customers to book the most appropriate time. Besides, the members of their team can get customer right back on the road. Deferring to the services of Puente Hills Toyota, you will also be offered to obtain genuine accessories to your car at the most affordable price. Income of the Company Of course, we can’t give you the exact information regarding this point, but if to believe the official resources, its annual profit is about $1,9 million. The annual sales are around $85 million. The staff of Toyota Puente Hills encompasses more than 140 employees, responsible for different types of services. The company realizes one simple fact that its success depends on the effectivity of their employees. For that reason, their management motivates employees on an ongoing basis. They sell cars, repair vehicles or can give a professional consultation. All employees, working for PHT are interested in achieving the customer’s goals. Departments of PHT The company is successful in case each person does only his job. For that reason, the company is subdivided into five units: Service department; Sales department; Finance department; Body shop department; Parts department. Sometimes, the manufacturer offers various bonus programs to its standing or new customers. Each citizen of Los Angeles can easily make use of companys services when it is convenient for him. Besides, PHT also works for charity courses supporting such companies as the Industry Manufacturers Council, Kiwanis Hacienda Heights and the Boys Girls Clubs of West San Gabriel Valley.

Saturday, May 23, 2020

Prohibition Of Drugs And Alcohol - 1492 Words

Popular belief holds that consumption of drugs and alcohol encourages violence and that the appropriate response is prohibition of these goods. However, a different viewpoint is that prohibition creates illegal underground markets, which require violence and crime to remedy in-house disputes. This paper examines the relationship between prohibition and violence using the historical data and behavior following previous U.S. drug and alcohol laws, regulations, and enforcement on indicators of violence, e.g. homicide rates, and government enforcement expenditures. The results show that an increase in enforcement of drug and alcohol prohibition laws have been positively associated with increases in the homicide rate. Furthermore, supplementary evidence suggests this strong positive correlation prohibition enforcement on violence and the overall crime rate. I. Introduction Is Prohibition actually successful in reducing recreational drug consumption and drug-related violence? This is the question that will be analyzed in this paper. Drug enforcement officials frequently cite drug-related violence as a reason that drugs must be eliminated from our society. A contrary belief is that the system of drug prohibition actually causes most of the violence. Just like with alcohol prohibition in the 1920s and the rise of organized crime, drug prohibition inspires a dangerous underground market that manifests itself with violent crime throughout the U.S. and, in fact, theShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of Drug Prohibition975 Words   |  4 PagesDrug prohibition is rarely viewed negatively by many Americans. The failure of drug prohibition has sparked some debate in the last fifty years, however, the ignorance about illegal substances has led to little discussion on alternatives to prohibition. Legalizing all drugs would be a better alternative than perpetuating the fai led war on drugs. The drug war has negatively impacted many lives by demonizing users and corrupting public officials. Criminalizing alcohol did not work in the 1920s andRead MoreProhibition and the War on Drugs904 Words   |  4 Pagesof flux, but a constant in Americas policies is the Drug War. The government attempts to prevent the consumption of illicit and harmful substances, even shown in modern domestic policies. Yet with much effort, positive results was not usually yielded. Apart from the outcomes, prohibition has made a large impact on daily life. In the United States, prohibition of alcohol and opium was a visible and controversial debate. The prohibition of alcohol and criminalization of opium were very different butRead MoreThe Inintended Consequences of Alcohol Prohibition in The Unite States in the 1920s1680 Words   |  7 Pageswere the unintended consequences of alcohol prohibition in the United States in the 1920’s? In this investigation, the focus will b e on the time frame 1920 to 1933, from when the 18th amendment was passed to when alcohol prohibition was repealed. The pros and cons of national prohibition of alcohol in the aspects of health, financial, and social results will be weighed. This will be done through the interpretation of statistics from before and after prohibition, insights of those who lived throughRead MoreCausal Essay904 Words   |  4 PagesProhibition of drugs and alcohol causes crime. Ostrowski a political analyst from the Cato institute, states that drug laws greatly increase the price of illegal drugs, often forcing users to steal to get the money to obtain them. Although difficult to estimate the black market prices of heroin and cocaine, these drugs appear to be many times greater than their pharmaceutical prices. For example, a hospital-dispensed dose of morphine (a drug from which heroin is relatively easily derived) costsRead MoreHistory of Drug Laws and Law Enforcement1637 Words   |  7 PagesDrug Laws and Drug Law Enforcement Since the late 19th century, the federal and states governments of the United States have enacted laws and policies to deter the use and distribution of illegal drugs. These laws and policies have not only deemed what drugs are legal and illegal, but have also established penalties for the possession and distribution of these substances and established federal agencies to control drug use and administer drug law enforcement. This essay will not only examineRead MoreHistory, Social Factors and Economic Impac of the Prohibition of Alcohol in the United States1490 Words   |  6 Pageshistory, social factors, and economic impact of the prohibition of alcohol in the United States. Ken Burns and Lynn Novick (2011) delve into the topic of alcohol in America in their documentary Prohibition, and this paper will discuss the events before, during, and after the prohibition of alcohol in the United States. This paper will also relate the prohibition of alcohol to the current drug policies o f cocaine in the United States. Alcohol and cocaine were both prohibited in the United StatesRead MoreTaking a Look at Prohibition937 Words   |  4 Pagesmaking and transportation of alcohol was banned. In 1919 the Volstead Act made all drinks containing more than 0.5 percent alcohol illegal once the 18th amendment went into use in 1920. Prohibition in America between 1920 and 1933 was made a law to reduce crime and corruption, solve social issues, and improve the health of Americans. The effects of prohibition on Americans depended on the reduced amount of alcohol being drunk. For a while consumption levels of alcohol decreased but then soon increasedRead MoreMarijuana Prohibition Is A Failure And A Waste Of Resources864 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Lincoln once said Prohibition goes beyond the bounds of reason in that it attempts to control a man s appetite by legislation, and makes a crime out of things that are not crimes.† The prohibition of marijuana has proven to be a failure and a waste of resources. In addition, prohibition has hurt society more than it has helped. Also, marijuana can be used as a medicine to treat many life threatening illnesses. The legalization of marijuana will generate enormous tax revenue, reduce crimeRead MoreSubstance Abuse and Addiciton: A Very Brief History Essay example1651 Words   |  7 Pagesas alcohol, illegal drugs, prescription drugs, over the counter drugs, cigarettes etc. Any and all of these can become addictiv e to people very quickly. For years, people believed that addiction was a willful vice that they do to themselves. For years is has been viewed as an individual problem instead of a social problem. Americans today have many different views than 100 years ago about addiction, alcohol and drugs. In the early days of the 19th century, it was only a dream that a drug couldRead MoreMarijuana Legalization Why is it the Best Choice for America?1306 Words   |  6 Pagesthe most abused drug in America, has had a lot of publicity recently. Marijuana has caused multiple economic problems within the U.S. A controversial question has arisen from the increased popularity and troubles of this drug. The question is whether or not the U.S. government should legalize marijuana possession and sale in the country. Many Americans believe that the drug should be legalized for various reasons; others, however, are against the legalization of the dangerous drug. While legalization

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

Public Administration Vs. Private Administration - 819 Words

Introduction Public Administration is like any other administration, it is a process of translating the policies in the overall interests of the general public; which are then carried out into the results that can either benefit or hinder the general well–being of society and the people living within this democratic monarchy. Although, in order to distinguish what is public from what is private and what is politics from what is administration, you have to know who is being affected and how they are being influenced. Issue for analysis Public Administration is the process within a governmental setup, which tends to hold a strong hold over the general populous of a community, as individuals; while Private Administration is a more†¦show more content†¦If the government refuses to sponsor health insurance programs; such as Medicare and Medicaid, under the PPACA, then public consumers; such as ourselves, will otherwise go without medical insurance and perhaps, without necessary medical care. The insurance companies will undoubtedly refuse to meet the requirements that were put into place under this act; thus declining to reimburse doctors with the â€Å"maximum† payout; or Minimum Essential Coverage (MEC), based on their own algorithms. With this act in place, the price of a medical commodity; such as a prescription, or service; such as vision and or dental care, continues to remain low and or competitive. Recommendation [or Recommendations] What is Trump’s solution for ObamaCare, if this disastrous act â€Å"collapses under its own weight†? If everything about this act truly fraudulent and broken, then maybe we should just throw it away and forget about it; or perhaps, or we can simply afford to â€Å"fix what s broken about it†. After carefully reviewing the pros and cons of ObamaCare, it was my decision that ObamaCare should not be repealed and replaced; but simply modified to fill any hairline fractures within the infrastructure. Most of the disadvantages of ObamaCare can easily be seen asShow MoreRelatedApplication Of An Software For Soft Ware Essay1286 Words   |  6 Pagesrequired for the development of soft-ware. A technical document will be prepared and sent for evaluation to the certified soft-ware professional to check the accuracy and feasibility of the software solution. The similar software will be procured through public procurement, and users will be tested on the platform, which are going to avail and offer the services. Then they will be inter-viewed again to know their viewpoints on the platform. The biggest challenge for us is to examine their satisfaction levelRead MoreCivil Liberties And Civil Rights1081 Words   |  5 Pages1 McGahey 3 Megan McGahey Sherry Sharifian GOVT 2305 71430 20 September 2017 Civil Liberties vs. Civil Rights In the U.S. most use the terms Civil Liberties and Civil Rights interchangeably; although they both protect the freedom of citizens they do this in different ways. 2 Civil Liberties are limitations placed on the government. These are things the government is restricted to do, by the constitution. Things that could interfere with personal freedom. 3 For example, the 1st amendment says thatRead MoreObama Administrations Policy Views on Cybersecurity1338 Words   |  6 PagesThreats Obama and Bush Administrations 1.3. Bush Administration 1.4. Policy Similarities 1.5. Policy Differences Recommendations for Improvements 1.6 Cyber Czar Position 1.7 International Organization and joint punishment Works Cited Introduction The following document will provide information pertaining to presidential administrations both past and present and their respective views on cybersecurity policies. Policies of each administration will be reviewedRead More The Evolution of Public Administration in American Society Essay1392 Words   |  6 PagesPublic administration as a field of study and as a practice has continually evolved with American society. The United States has survived and thrived through major cultural shifts, varying degrees of economic climates, and both civil and world wars. Through out all these changes in our country, one thing has always remained the same, the fact that we are an ever evolving and always changing nation. Theories and forms of practice of public administration have also evolved parallel with the historyRead MoreFalcon Security Essay1544 Words   |  7 Pagesfederated and intercloud [1]. Private Cloud Private cloud is the best choice for companies that already own datacenter and developed IT infrastructure and have specific needs around security or performance. The cloud is managed, owned, and operated by the organization, a third party, or some combination of them, and it may exist on or off premises. Public Cloud Public cloud is the infrastructure for open use. It is hosted on the premises of the cloud provider. Public cloud is flexible, scalable andRead MoreIs College Expensive For College Debt?975 Words   |  4 Pagesclaims that the public colleges provide an affordable education; moreover, there are a variety of funds available to help students pay for college. Regardless, college is still expensive because the college debt will become a lifetime debt for many graduates. Undoubtedly, college is expensive for students because many students cannot afford to pay their tuition from their wages and salaries. According to Matthew Reed, and Debbie Cochrane, â€Å"69% of graduates from public and private institutions accruedRead MoreProject Description Of A Business Case816 Words   |  4 Pagestemplate. Therefore, it is little bit time consuming on the analysis of the business case. A business case template two from projectmanagement.com outlines how to carry out the public- private partnership project. The template provides the systematized approach for evaluating and exhibiting public- private partnership project. It exhibits the business needs in great details. However, financial parts relating to the business dealing, stakeholder and cost analysis is not clear. Third templateRead MoreCloud Computing And Its Uses1642 Words   |  7 PagesElasticity: Companies can scale up as computing needs increase and then scale down again as demands decrease. †¢ Pay per use: Computing resources are measured at a granular level, allowing users to pay only for the resources and workloads they use. †¢ Private cloud and Hybrid cloud: Among the numerous motivations for utilizing cloud, there are two circumstances where associations are investigating approaches to evaluate a percentage of the applications they mean to convey into their surroundings usingRead MorePublic Cloud : Different Types Of Private And Private Clouds881 Words   |  4 PagesPrivate Cloud 2 (REWRIET) â€Å"A private cloud implies utilizing a cloud framework (arrange) exclusively by one client/association. It is not imparted to others, yet it is remotely found. In the event that the cloud is remotely facilitated, the organization has a choice of picking an on-introduce private cloud also, which is more costly, however the organization has physical control over the information† (CITEME). (REWRIET) Public Cloud 3(REWRIET) â€Å"The entire processing foundation is situated on theRead MoreComparative Public Administration1500 Words   |  6 PagesWhat do you understand by Comparative Public Administration? Comparative Public Administration is an applied, intercultural, interdisciplinary, explanatory field of study which carries out cross-cultural investigations in order to provide solutions for management problems sooner and develop management technologies further. It is no accident that the field focuses upon growth, reform and capacity building since Comparative Public Administration is in many ways about identifying those best practices

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Body Shop Marketing Essay Free Essays

string(49) " inherent to the overall design of the BS shops\." 1) Anita Roddick created the body shop in 1976 with the objective of opening an environmentally conscious cosmetic store. Today, the Body Shop (BS) has grown from being a single â€Å"hippie† store in England to a multinational company with over 2265 stores in 50 countries enjoying sales of ? 820,000 in 2006/2007 period. (mintel 2006) People say that â€Å"one person cannot make a difference† but Anita Roddick proved it wrong by sticking to here ideals and ideas of doing business. We will write a custom essay sample on The Body Shop Marketing Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now This extract from the Body Shop’s mission statement ‘to dedicate our business to the pursuit of social and environmental change’ (www. thebodyshop. co. uk), shows us how she created a new way of dealing with customer needs and wants. She saw it as a better option to put customer and society in the first place and by doing so, gain sales for good conduct. This way of doing business was not only proved to be extremely successful but many marketers followed the BS concepts, attempting to maximise potential profit by imitating Dame Anita Roddick’s set of ideals or values. Throughout this essay, we will investigate how Anita Roddick successfully used marketing tools to promote her chain of shops and her strong principles and see how today’s businesses can follow Roddick’s footsteps in successfully targeting the emergence of new consumer groups in the organic food market. Anita Roddick’s BS has not been an immense success for no reason. An explanation of the BS general success in world markets is that she was one of the pioneers in developing a more ethically based business. We will have a look at how she maximised the 4 P’s (product, place, promotion and price) to promote her chain of shops and strong principles. Product The BS sells and produces cosmetics and toiletries made from natural ingredients all over the world targeting principally women with a medium to high income and with deep social conscience and commitment. Its product range can be divided into eight categories each including a range of quality products. Each body lotion, shampoo, bath shower gel, etc. comes in different sizes in recycled, recyclable or biodegradable packaging. The Product Life Cycle of the BS is still in the growing stages as competition is still increasing due to an increase in interest in the industry’s potential. Furthermore, the market is continuously evolving as more and more people become more ethically aware. Branding is very important as it differentiates the company from other skincare companies. Anita Roddick managed to create a brand which positioned itself as promoting good environmental ethics at a time where Europe was becoming â€Å"greener†, strongly differentiating itself from companies looking to increase profits at any legal cost to the environment and to society. But since the French cosmetic giant L’Oreal bought the BS, BrandIndex measured a drastic drop in the ratings of BS reputation. Even though, the company promised to keep its ethical cosmetic brand intact, the public’s opinion on the BS did not take long to change. (http://www. brandrepublic. com) Price The Body Shop has been able to set premium prices because of the assumption that people would be willing to pay more for a product which they think is contributing to social and ethical issues. The fact that the BS is involved in issues such as fair trade, animal testing and has strong environmental views gave them the competitive advantage of product differentiation. But since competitors such as Boots or Bath Bodyworks in the states have started their own natural product range at prices below the BS, profits have decreased in comparison to previous years. From 2002 to 2003 sales grew by only 5% compared with competitors whose sales rose by 27% in the same period. It could also be said that the BS prices are in the mid market pricing range as there are products more expensive such as for example Boots natural-based products but much cheaper than Chanel or Estee Lauder beauty products. Furthermore, the cost of production of the BS products may be higher because of fair trade issues with local communities. But critiques say that the â€Å"Trade not Aid† projects are simply a marketing tool and that not even 1% of the sales go to the projects. (www. mcspotlight. org) Promotion The BS way of advertising has mostly been done through indirect advertising. Indeed, by associating themselves to Greenpeace or the save the whales project or by doing fare trade with indigenous communities for example, journals, newspapers and magazines have written about the company’s products, campaigns and beliefs without the company actually carrying out or spending any money into promotion campaigns. The BS believes that beauty is reality and strongly disagrees on the advertising campaigns trying to glamorise their products – ‘We’re saying our products will moisturize, cleanse and polish; they will not perform miracles. (Mrs Galanti, 1997). This was stated in 1997 after the release of a rare mainstream campaign called â€Å"Love your body† due to increased competition in the marketplace. The Body Shop also makes extensive use of its web site, delivery lorries and shop windows to communicate its campaigns and beliefs. Packaging is also a way of promoting a product. By showing consumers that the BS is involved in recyclin g plastic bottles used in the packaging of a product for example, it positions itself furthermore in the customers mind as being an environmentally caring organisation. It also tried to push consumers to use refills but the impact of this campaign was minimal. Furthermore the BS also called for more people to recycle their old mobile phone. (Mintel, 2004) Place The BS looks closely at the store location, as customer accessibility to the store is very important. They are usually located on high streets, in department concessions depending on important factors of accessibility such as parking, visibility or even public transport. Stores are usually arranged as a boutique layout with products arranged according to their function. The atmosphere of the BS retail outlets is relaxed and sympathetic, inherent to the overall design of the BS shops. You read "The Body Shop Marketing Essay" in category "Best marketing essays" There is plenty of information on ingredients and the origin of the product available to the customer. Furthermore the BS rapid growth and international expansion was helped through franchising. Finally, the rise in demand for ethical products has provided many opportunities for marketers. Dame Anita Roddick, was one of the first to point that out and through product innovation and brand reputation, she managed to build a multinational company from virtually nothing. However, today’s cosmetic market has highly evolved and is far more competitive than it used to be. The challenge for the company is to revitalise its retail outlets, improve their product offer and brand communications in order to grow store sales and invest in employee development and customer service. 2) Markets within an economy rapidly change offering opportunities for companies to increase profit and to expand. The marketer’s job is to react to these changes and put the company in the right direction. The organic food market for example has grown rapidly with consumers increasing spending on â€Å"ethical† food by 800 million to approximately ? 5. 6 billion in 2006 (â€Å"Ethical consumerism report 2006†- Co-operative bank). Furthermore, most developed countries are seeing a rise in organic produce, ‘The organic market has boomed in recent years, growing by 25% annually on average’ – (www. timesonline. co. uk). These figures show us that the organic movement is moving on a global scale with an increase in consumer interest in how and where food is produced. It could be said that the rise in the demand for organic products is due to the rising average age and due to media spotlight. Indeed, media are constantly focusing on the consequences of climate change and on how the earth’s resources are being depleted pushing fellow human beings to act more responsibly and ethically in what food products they buy. This has lead people to believe that by eating organic food, a person will stay healthy – ‘studies in 2006 and 2007 have found higher levels of Vitamin C in organic fruit and 68 per cent higher levels of omega-3 in organic whole milk than non-organic whole milk. (www. bbc. co. uk). On the other hand, with more elderly people in the UK after the baby boom of the early 50’s, the market is likely to see people buying organic/healthy food rather than GM food offering new opportunities to marketers in terms of how to advertise and promote their products. This could be done through promotional campaigns aimed at elde rly people, informing them of the availability of organic food in their respective supermarkets or by associating the organisation to environmentally friendly associations such as Greenpeace and beneficiate of indirect advertising. To be the first to come into a customers mind as being an organisation which cares about the environment would definitely give the company a strong competitive advantage. Two of the major leading supermarkets such as Tesco and Sainsbury have both recognised these changing consumer needs and have introduced organic food and organic policies within their stores – ‘To meet this growing demand Sainsbury’s has re-launched its organic range as Sainsbury’s SO organic and is committed to broadening the appeal of and extending its comprehensive range of organic foods. ’ (www. jsainsburys. co. uk). Additionally, Sainsbury has recently ‘banned the use of palm oil from unsustainable sources in its own-brand products’ which has been argued by Greenpeace as a â€Å"positive first step† towards the end of the destruction of the Indonesian rainforest (www. marketingweek. co. uk). Another way of promoting the organisation could be to introduce fair trade products in our supermarkets aisles. This would not necessarily be done in a profit objective scheme but instead to show customers the organisation’s involvement in helping local communities even though profits could be made if an appropriate marketing strategy was applied. Another important factor to consider is packaging as it can be used for promotional purposes. This could give them an advantage over rival companies that may not sell organic food. Additionally, organisation could also concentrate on creating â€Å"greener friendly† packaging – ‘A UK company has launched a new range of convenience food packs manufactured from biodegradable plastic. ’ – showing their awareness of the influence they have on the environment and their dedication to play a role in conserving the planet. (http://www. foodanddrinkeurope. com). The difficulty for the marketer will be to set attractive and adequate organic packaging at the lowest possible prices. This brings us to price considerations. Organic food is without a doubt more expensive to produce and sell than non-organic food giving the marketer the difficult challenge of setting a competitive price with rivals and at a level that still sees the company being profitable. It is also important that marketers are aware of how much people are willing to pay for organic food in order to maximise profits. Moreover, prices are set to increase as ‘exceptionally high market growth rates are causing demand to outpace supply. (http://www. organicmonitor. com) On the other hand, The Food Standard Agency and scientists still believe that organic food as a whole, is not necessarily healthier for a person than GM food – ‘there is no scientific evidence to suggest organic food is healthier’ (www. guardian. co. uk). Furthermore, Chefs such as Gordon Ra msay argue that organic food is overpriced and questions its authenticity ‘The problem with organic food is that it has become hip and trendy, overhyped, overpriced and inconsistent. Unfortunately there is now a snob factor attached to it. ’ (www. timesonline. co. k) On this point, marketers will have to make sure that they undertake effective advertising campaigns as well as detailed branding and packaging to promote their products as being healthier than other foods in order to maintain high sales. The reason the organic market has grown so much in the last decade is definitely due to a rise in ethical consumerism. Indeed, after some companies were exposed by the media to how they really operated – i. e. illegal sweatshops for example- and the constant media coverage on the damage caused by humans to the earth, saw consumers take a more ethical approach to purchasing. This why it is so important to show consumers that the organisation is active in sustaining the earth and its resources. Today, the image of the company should be of first importance to marketers. Tesco and other supermarkets have already revised their strategy and offer for example to use plastic bags more than once- â€Å"Tesco claimed that shoppers had used one million bags less than they would normally expect. † (www. recycling-guide. org. uk). J Sainsbury’s reacted by cutting back on carbon emissions produced by their outlets- â€Å"We are currently looking at the big picture regarding carbon emissions and the part Sainsbury’s play in that. We have been extremely proactive over the last 10 years on all aspects of energy efficiency. † (Alison Austin, 2007). All these supermarket behaviour changes are done in the objective to remain competitive. Marketers understand that if their company is seen to be â€Å"green† then it is likely to be successful in the market. Finally, whichever strategy marketers do choose to adopt, it will eventually determine their level of success in an ever changing society which now focuses on being ethical and more aware of the environment. Bibliography Anon. , November 2007, â€Å"Food matters†, BBC. Anon. , March,2006, Body Shop at a glance, FT. om, London, pg 1. Anon. , June 2003,Anita Roddick, Director, London, Vol. 56(11), pg. 60. Anon. , August 2007, Growth opportunity for organic market, Retail world, Vol. 60(16), pg. 22. Brassington F. and Pettitt S. , 2003, Principles of Marketing. 3rd ed. , Pearson Education Limited. Callan E. , May 2006, L’Oreal says it is c ontent with Bady Shop’s ethics GENERAL REATILERS; 1st Ed. , Financial Times, London (UK), pg. 17. Coles A. , Harris L. , 2006, Ethical Consumers and e-Commerce: The Emergence and Growth of Fair Trade in the UK, Journal of Reasearch for Consumers, Crawley: (10), pg. , 6 pgs. Guthrie J. , September 2007, Activist who inspired a business generation; [LONDON 2ND EDITION], Financial Times, London (UK), pg 21. Marketing Week, September 2007, Ehtical consumerism: Lacking in green conviction, London: pg 28. Marketing Week, January 2007, Market research: Unlock the power of brands, London: pg 23 Jack L. , November 2007, Greenpeace backs Sainsbury’s palm oil ban as a ‘first step’, London, Marketing Week. Hofman M. , April 2001, Anita Roddick: The Body Shop International, established in 1976, Inc. Boston: Vol. 23, Iss. 5; pg. 61, 1pgs. Mintel, 2004, Body Shop campaigns for mobile recycling Mintel, 2006, Company report Mintel, April 2007, Impact of the Environment (The) – UK. The Body Shop International PLC. 2006. Annual report and Accounts. Sample I. , October 2007, Organic food is healthier: study, The Guardian Zink W. , February 1996, The impact of recycling on the cosmetic industry, Drug Cosmetic Industry, New York: Vol. 158 (2); pg. 42, 4pgs. Web sites Elliot S. , The Body Shop’s campaign offers reality, not miracles. [WWW] [Accessed 21 November 2007] The Body Shop. 2005. The Body Shop values report. [WWW] lt; URL: http://valuesreport. thebodyshop. net/pdfs/bodyshop_valuesreport_2005. pdf; [Accessed 22 November] Bidlake S. 2006. Body Shop reputation is battered by sale to L’Oreal. [WWW] [Accessed 22 November] London Greenpeace, What’s wrong with the Body Shop [WWW] [Accessed 18 November] Anon. , 2007, Product news. [WWW] ; URL: http://jsainsburys. co. uk/index. asp? PageID=419==200 5=583; [Accessed 23 November] Anon. , 2006, Tesco Ads Result in Re-Using Plastic Bags. [WWW] [Accessed 22 November] Organic Monitor, 2006, Global Organic Food Industry Facing Supply Challenges. WWW] [Accessed 25 November] Ungoed-Thomas J. , 2007, Eat your words, all who scoff at organic food. [WWW] [Accessed 22 November] Anon. 2007, Company news [WWW] [ Accessed 23 November] Horne M. , 2006, Ramsay lays into organic food snobs. [WWW] http://timesonline. co. uk/tol/newspapers/sunday_times/ireland/ article625714. ece [Accessed 25 November] ElAmin A. , 2006, Biodegradable food packaging launched in UK. [WWW] http://foodanddrinkeurope. com/news/ng. asp? n=69464-natureworks-rpc-bebo-biodegradable-pla [Accessed 22 November] Anon. , 2006, The Body Shop- Body and soul. [WWW] [Accessed 23 November] How to cite The Body Shop Marketing Essay, Essays

Sunday, May 3, 2020

Critial Vocab free essay sample

Some paintings require us to stand back to see the design of the whole painting; standing close, we see the technique of the painting, say the brush strokes, but not the whole. Other paintings require us to stand close to see the whole; their design and any figures become less clear as we move back from the painting. Similarly, fiction, drama, and poetry involve the reader emotionally to different degrees. Emotional distance, or the lack of it, can be seen with children watching a TV program or a movie; it becomes real for them. Writers like Faulkner, the Bronte sisters, or Faulkner pull the reader into their work; the reader identifies closely with the characters and is fully involved with the happenings. Hemingway, on the other hand, maintains a greater distance from the reader. Affective Fallacy – The error of evaluating a poem by its effects—especially its emotional effects—upon the reader. We will write a custom essay sample on Critial Vocab or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As a result the poem itself, as an object of specifically critical judgement, tends to disappear. Alacrity – Liveliness or briskness. Alalia – Complete inability to speak; mutism. Allegory A narrative where characters, actions and sometimes setting are consistently symbolic of something else (often philosophical or moral abstractions). Alliteration the use, especially in poetry, of the same sound or sounds, especially consonants, at the beginning of several words that are close together Ambiguity Ambiguity is the quality of having more than one meaning; does   Ameliorate – To make or become better; improve. Amelioration. Amorphous – Lacking a definite shape; formless. 2 – Of no recognisable character or shape. Anachronisms – Flash backs, jumps forwards. Analogy a comparison between things which have similar features, often used to help explain a principle or idea Analepis – A flash-back Anathema – A detested person or thing ‘he is anathema to me! ’ 2 A formal ecclesiastical curse of excommunication. Antonym An antonym is a word opposite in meaning to another word but similar to it in most other respects. For example, tall and short are opposite in meaning but both are the same parts of speech (adjectives) and would take the same position in a sentence. Aporia – An impassable moment or point in a narrative, a hole or opening that produces a hermeneutic analysis. Arbitrarily – Founded on or subject to personal whims, prejudices, etc. ; capricious. 2 – Having only relative application. 3 – Of a government or ruler despotic or dictatorial. Arcane – Requiring secret knowledge to be understood; mysterious; esoteric. Arrhythmic / Arrhythmia – Any variation from the normal rhythm of the heart beat. Arriere-pensee – An unrevealed thought or intention. Arriviste – A person who is unscrupulously ambitious. Assiduous – Hard-working; persevering. Assignation – A secret or forbidden arrangement to meet esp. between lovers. Attest – To affirm the correctness or truth of. Auric – Of or containing gold in the trivalent state. Autodidact One who is self-taught. Avarice – The getting and keeping of money, possessions etc as a purpose to live for. B Ballad   relatively short narrative poem, written to be sung, with a simple and dramatic action. The ballads tell of love, death, the supernatural, or a combination of these. Two characteristics of the ballad are incremental repetition and the ballad stanza. Incremental repetition repeats one or more lines with small but significant variations that advance the action. The ballad stanza is four lines; commonly, the first and third lines contain four feet or accents, the second and fourth lines contain three feet. Ballads often open abruptly, present brief descriptions, and use concise dialogue. Baroque – A term applied by art-historians (at first derogatorily, but now merely descriptively) to a style of architecture, sculpture, and painting that developed in Italy at the beginning of the seventeenth century and then spread to Germany and other European countries. The style employs the classical forms of the renaissance, but breaks them up and intermingles them to achieve elaborate, grandiose, energetic, and highly dramatic effects. In Literature, it may signify magniloquent style in verse or prose. Beatitude – Supreme blessedness or happiness. Benefactor – A person who supports or helps a person (Beneficiary), institution etc. , esp. by giving money; patron. Bilious – Bad tempered. 2. Hideously green. Blank verse Blank verse is a form based on unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter. The verse parts of Shakespeares plays are blank verse (with exceptions, such as the witches recipe), as is Miltons Paradise Lost. The form is one that is close to normal speech (indeed, the form is one thats close to normal speech is itself an iambic pentameter) so it gives a subtle pulse to a poem, rather than an obvious shaping as a limerick might. However, there is a tendency in contemporary poetry to use shorter lines, so the form can also sound stately or slow to a modern ear.? Bowyer – Person or makes or sells archery bows. Bumptious – Offensively self-assertive or conceited. C Cadence – (Poetry) A fall, in tone, in pitch etc. Catalectic – (Poetry) of a line, missing one or more beats. Catechism – Instruction by a series of questions and answers esp a book containing such instruction on the religious doctrine of the Christian church. 2 Rigorous and persistent questioning, as in a test or interview. Character Characters may be classified as round (three-dimensional, fully developed) or as flat (having only a few traits or only enough traits to fulfil their function in the work); as developing (dynamic) characters or as static characters. Caesura a strong pause within a line, and is often found alongside enjambment. If all the pauses in the sense of the poem were to occur at the line breaks, this could become dull; moving the pauses so they occur within the line creates a musical interest. Chivalric Romance – Developed in 12th Century France, spread and displaced epic and heroic forms. Climax The height of tensions or suspense in a storys plot where conflict comes to a peak. Coetaneous – Of the same age or period. Coeval – Of belonging to the same age or generation. 2) A contemporary. Collocate – To group or place together in some system or order. Collusion – Secret agreement for a fraudulent purpose; connivance; conspiracy. Conceit The Metaphysical poets of the seventeenth century enjoyed creating particularly audacious metaphors and similes to compare very unlike things, and drawing attention to how skilfully they could sustain this comparison; this became known as the conceit. The classic example is probably Donnes The Flea, in which a flea-bite is compared to a marriage, and like most conceits, the extended comparison is more notable for its invention than its believability. Concomitant – Existing or occurring together; associative. Concord – Agreement or harmony between people or nations; amity. Confabulate – To talk together, to communicate. Confiteor – A prayer consisting of a general confession of sinfulness and an entreaty for forgiveness. Conflagration – A large destructive fire. Conflagration – A large destructive fire. Conflate / Conflation – To combine or blend, esp two versions of a text, so as to form a whole. Conflict The part of the plot that establishes an opposition that becomes a point of interest. Can ve an opposition between characters, between character and environment, between elements in a characters personality etc. Conglomerate – A thing composed heterogeneous elements. Conjecture – The formation of conclusions from incomplete evidence; a guess. Consonance Consonance is the effect of similar speech-sounds being near each other. Some forms of consonance can be singled out, which are: alliteration, where initial sounds matter; sibilance, where s and z sounds are enhanced; and assonance, where the vowel-sounds of words are in concert. Contiguous – Touching along the side or boundary; in contact. Convivial – Sociable, jovial or festive. Corpulent – Physically bulky; fat. Coterie – A small exclusive group of friends with common interests; clique. Coterminous – Enclosed within a common boundary. Coterminous – Having a common boundary. Couplet A couplet is a stanza (or even a poem) consisting of two lines. These need not rhyme, nor be the same length, but can be. If there is no enjambment at the end of the second line, it can be called a closed couplet (the opposite being an open couplet), especially if this is a recurring pattern.