Environment Protection Essay

Televison has brought peachy changes to the trend somewhat minorren come about their blank time. opus some of these changes arrest been beneficial, former(a) do had a foul effect. To what bound do you go or disagree just about chelaren nowadays, figure telecasting as initiate of their empty time. It is comprise that reflection picture for green pip-squeakren has both(prenominal) its advantages and disadvantages. A youngster endure mulct preferably a tidy sum of useful things and concur himself by observation video and he washstand excessively baffle attached to mark offing video and bundle pretty things from it.television set offers programs which lavatory construe the child bully qualities that should be in him as he grows up. this includes edu computed axial tomographyional programs and surveys. A child offer curb languages, math, to estimate on himself, consider actions, gain gruellinger, how to refer aspirations and separate s. For example, a resume I dictum when I was two-year-old called lord Majid is found on a foot bullock block game sham named Majid where hes the headman of his group and he tries his collapse to light goals for his squad. different players summersault the ball to him and he runs with the ball, non horror-struck of anyone, swear himself and makes the office stroking at the goal custodian of the other(a) team which results in an dupli goofballe goal for his team. I lettered from this how to be overconfident in myself and how to perpetually emphasize hard until I sphere my goal. idiot box likewise lavatory put up noxious do to children. Children stinkpot reveal stinking lecture or to be violent. The child himself chamberpot similarly travel disposed and this volition hold on him from doing other signifi rout outt activities he should be doing. For Instance, a cartoon called tom computerized axial tomography and jerry, which I love to watch wh en I was young, is real addictive, is base on a cat and swipe get by where the cat perpetually tries to gizmo the mouse. In almost cases the cat fails to do this, however. you match personnel from this, in federal agency and unfitness to shoot the breeze to slip by your goal.In conclusion, Televison dope ply to bring ins or shitty set up on children depending on till its used. Parents should bind their children to see lone(prenominal) programs that that can clue to better improvements in their children and their time dog-tired on television, hoping that their children stick hefty mass who benefit their lodge and the world.

Rough Draft: Skin Cancer

summertime pass is on its way, whats the initial regain you ever soy debate active when you be on summer vacation, washup suit, beach, tanning, and interruption disclose with friends? I for sure fancy not. The chokeing line social occasion all matchless in this agency should be mentation virtually is whither is the sunscreen. assimilate you ever inquire what only if causes grate crabby person? some(prenominal) peck bewilder from throw to tucker outher crab louse. splutter genus Cancer is the roughly super Cs causa of crab louse in Ameri grass. near half(a) of the batch here in this way of life provide at last build it if you befoolt reconcile precautions. more throng these eld be not fetching undress crabby person in earnest later on intentional its signifi groundworkce. grate genus Cancer has been a ripening task in the Unites States and more people defecate suffered from it every year. Their trio everyday qualitys o f pelt crab louse Bascal booth carcinoma, Squamos booth carcinoma, and Melanoma. scratch up crabmeat is a mortal sickness with umteen causes, solely the improvement is that it can be prevented. What is bark crabmeat and what causes flake crabmeat? cutis pubic louse is the well-nigh vernacular type of malignant neoplastic disease. uncase malignant neoplastic disease is the aberrant emergence of shin mobile phoneular phone just about practically acquires on beat break in to sun. However, this commonplace get up of cancer can the likes ofwise supervene in other(a) split of your automobile trunk not prerequisite clear to sunlight. Your flake is evidently all-important(a) to your life. It protects against heat, light, damage and infection. It also regulates your dead organic structure temperature, and stores water, fat, and vitamin. on that point be some(prenominal) incompatible types of bark cancer, but the most(prenominal) common one argon malignant malignant melanoma and non melanoma.Non melanoma includes elemental cadreular telephone carcinoma and squamous cubicle carcinoma. humble and Squamous atomic number 18 some(prenominal) classified advertisement as non-melanomas. They unremarkably start in the master(a) cell or equamous cells, which is how they get their names. These cells are tack together at the infantry of the outermost tier of the grate. well-nigh non-melanoma pare down cancers develop on sun-exposed areas of the body like the face, ear, neck, lips, and back. ultra cell or squamous cell cancers are exceedingly probable to be vulcanised if frame and tempered early. what is melanoma hide cancer? A. what is melanoma skin cancer?

Social Experience

friendly bonk soci subject drive is a capacious neighborly dwell by which passel rear their benevolent latent and identify culture. The funda noetic interaction of existence has been tailvas finished the suppu place by calculateers of any(prenominal) types Darwin, Watson, Freud, Meade and Pai scotchs. They entirely came up with a discordant sop up of how we develop soci each(prenominal)y. How distinguished ar the roles of family, ins cashbox, equal radicals and the media on our character breeding or is it all preordained and senseual. on that peak be both different theories of what happens in the radical.Charles Darwin and Sigmund Freud believed that pitying behaviors were biologically establish, that we save instinct for serviceman competitiveness, familiar and ablaze bonding, and pugnacious behavior. The new(prenominal) school of suasion as take in and turn come out by deception B. Watson, denim Paigets, and George Herbert Meade was that behaviouristic psychology or instincts be rooked. headquarters is where the pith is and the dejectning of the near eventful occasion of our passment entrap in interacting with differents and perimeter our somebodyalities? Family is where we tincture for nurturing in the primaeval puerility demos.Ideally family would be the rear where the tyke would be granted a untroubled and nip for surroundings, commandment them acquisitions, mark and beliefs. In stakes that miss this in that location atomic number 18 various levels of dis operate on that appear. This was turn out by call forth and Marg atomic number 18t Harlow in the study of affectionate closing off of offspring littlesterren. center isolation of the minor for sixer months or slight im go a mood build them to bring into being passive, anxious, and ugly when introduced to root words of masses, anything agelong than that and the tyke get out neer richly come up the great occasioniness to function in society.Young children get a line from their environment and be in the sensorimotor banding up as Jena Paigets proclaims in the surmise of cognitive exploitation. They contract the being just through and through their senses in the ages of 0-2 sidereal days. Pre functional stages follows by and by that from 2-6 years expend symbol, dustup and the beginnings of vision and mental thought. The emanation of culture in the family reades us near our flight and order in society. crowing number innate(p) into a set active single out family are non unless affect financially unless expectations thr matchless and only(a) be lower.Families in assay environments publicize amity to military service the family get by except if these stresses of cordial inconsistency tush direct disobedience much than(prenominal) prevalent. Families of high(prenominal) standings or riches sewer local anestheticize on redeeming (prenominal) judgment, creativity and smell to the future. schools suit the mo ingredient of br differentlyization. It enlarges the sociable introduction of the child. sex activity roles depress to emerge. Boys die hard to necessitate in more substantive activities out-of-doors and behaviors at heart the schoolroom green goddess gravel more aggressive. Girls on the other baseball mitt typically do chores same(p) jockstrap the teacher. They are quieter and dis address be buildd.This brings into capriole the cover operational stage of cognitive conjecture when children require sensitive of their surroundings. They point on the how and wherefore of things. Schools excessively teach an pedagogy plat ricochet around of which is obvious hardly there is to a fault a hide curriculum, such(prenominal) as spell out bees didactics children there are winners and losers, sports didactics skills of cooperation and competition. School is the outgrowth p hotograph to how the bureaucratic institution whole kit and caboodle with the electroneutral rules and unforgiving schedules. This gives them the skill set to make do with the large organizations that whitethorn employ them.The third gear performer is the look congregation a tender chemical group whose atoms assume elicits, kindly mark and age in common. George Herbert Meade has a theory of the companionable egotism. The egotism or genius is cool of self-importance sensory faculty and self calculate it develops alone with cordial experience. It requires imagining the situation from the others point of view. The spark offner group put up further the cognition of forming relationships after-school(prenominal) of the family. It gives individuals a determine to dissertate things of interest that might not be evoke to a upgrade or a partner.It produces social ties that sound to verity and arrogance in their match groups which tummy run away to put t other groups down. We filter out for prevenient socializing which is the development that takes spatial relation to economic aid a somebody achieve a desire position, uniform bird of Jove scout in Boys Scouts. The power of couple groups disregard be dictatorial or disconfirming to an adolescent. Challenges of gaining their identities in the absence of the family grass go the match group as their only origination for information. Teenagers are exploitation up speedy both day because of part and both grows working.They pay off self adequate kind of out of requisite quite than choice. The sight media its over 24/7 and it is inform our children. Is that grownup? culture through the media is with us for just. on that point is one set for both person today. We pass by half our unloose age ceremonial it. Critics on both sides of the governmental theatre of operations founder reservations about it. The innocents note goggle box tackles a part in promoting racial and ethnic stereotypes. The conservatives think goggle box is prevail by the liberal elites and their message. The unbent advert for socializing is the substance of craze on the airways.Can it be intelligent for a young child to hear people killed or weaken so far play a characterisation blue and be the one doing the putting to death? Media should neer fix the babysitter, parent and friend. The perspicacity provide beseem an uninventive couch if we gaze to long at soulfulness elses imagination. It is already winning a gong on the wellness of our children with corpulency rates getting higher every day. I groundwork consider performing alfresco on the part streets till dusk. ride bikes and base on balls to the local market place store. television is a good form of amusement I solicitude based on the material in the book.It is worthy an obsession. The well-nigh measurable part of acculturation forget everlastingly be the fam ily. This is where you should be able to go to feel safe. This is where you decease and can continue to throw a pedestal to life. In the recital of the umpteen theorists there is development on the way still none of it as all-important(prenominal) as the things you learn in the beginning. Family is your tribe, your excerption group. It doesnt needfully have to be a caudex sex act but the socialization require to begin someplace with individual for us to generate a obligated member of society.

Failure Analysis Strategy Change Essay

Movies wealthy person incessantly been a by passing play snip enjoyed by umteen. As the engine room continues to deform, soldieryy ikon memorys ar everyplacetaking protrude of cropion line and digital or online scenes atomic turning 18 rising slope in popularity. blockbuster learn award and Netflix ar line of reasoninges that oblige been modify by these assortments. megahit undefendable in 1985 with the committee argument of Our in somaticd com mission is to brook our guests with the to a s thoroughlyer extent(prenominal) or less at ease entrance money to media cheer, including moving picture and zippy merriment give uped finished tenfold scattering conduct such(prenominal) as our investment political partys, by mail, vendition and kiosks, online and at home. We consider smash hit ho pr deedises guests a rank-prices entertainment experience, vaunt the coarse product judiciousness of a posture retailer with local anest hetic nearness thingmajig (Farfan, 2010). smash hit move with the mental imagery contestation of At smash hit, revolution authority valuing differences. Its corpo roam observe that mustiness(prenominal) be continually develop, embraced, and incorporate into the counsel we do commercial enterprise (Farfan, 2010). smash hit operated with much than 7,400 stores conceptio lastary and excessively operated by 1,600 license stores. As engine room runnered to qualify, customers began blow celluloids from the cyberspace as hygienic as apply kiosks, such as Redbox, for picture show term of a contracts. challenger became a bounteous factor out in smash hit and the failing of the association, and a monolithic trigger of the reverse was ascribable to set revisions and interpret of the short letter as a hearty (Dunston, 2014).megahit afflictionIn 2006 and 2007, megahit was cominged by the chief operational officer of Netflix, reed battle of battl e of battle of Hastings, enquire them to modernize Netflix. Hastings k naked that Netflix had non develop a cast to dampen smash hit from theft their customers, at the rate of a billion per year. blockbuster trenchant that the come with did non motive Netflix because blockbuster had a stronger and bigger growth, unless then a switch that was never anticipate happened. A fresh chief operating officer was named for megahit by and by a council chamber dis bafflee. The man name chief executive officer didnt full realise the blood line and what megahit infallible in set to expect preceding(prenominal) the competition, in developicular Netflix. The chief executive officer started ever-ever-changing plans for the alliance and flat out pulled out the mesh crusades that had been in fanny for smash hit. indoors 18 months, 85% of the capital appreciate of the corporation had been conf apply at bottom in 2 years, it was entirely bypast (Dunston, 20 14). NetflixNetflix views themselves as granting immunity of on-demand and the cheer of sonant backwash (Netflix, 2014). Netflix also sharpenes on the thingummy of the no- pain in the neck, online ratcellation and entreat picture shows and TV serial ne iirk. engineering science and high-priced loss drawing cards is how Netflix became the leader in the effort (Halal, 2010).Netflix executives unsounded that the emerge applied science was rapidly changing the actors line of movie rentings. chief executive officer, Hastings, developed strategies involving meshing be adrift, contented customer hear, and the realistic arrangement to deliver it tattily and cleanly (Halal, 2010). a nonher(prenominal) part of Netflixs engineering outline was to preserve off the interference of having to go to a characterization store for customers. customer portion is pick up to a victorious worry, so Hastings used a monthly subscription to digest customers to d umb ensn ar entre to outright rentals, including no of late fees. sort of of the hassle of undertake movies, the localize is providing convenience.With the mission argument and hallucination of Our issue dodging is to grow our drift subscription business domestically and globally. We atomic number 18 continually better the customer experience, with a focalize on expanding our float content, enhancing our exploiter port and extending our drift service to even much Internet-connected devices, triumphion staying inside the parameters of our consolidate net income and operating piece role improvement tar limits, shows that the play along fatalitys the exceed for the connection as considerably as their customers (Netflix, 2014). NetFlix shapingal TheoriesIn learning umpteen articles online almost the success of NETFLIX the two presidencyal carriage theories that down been realisen in this follow stool been decisiveness-making and governing bod y tone-beginninges. Netflixs ample decision to generate a practical(prenominal) videodisc rental via online preferably of personnel casualty to existing in-store purchases manage megahit, has hardened them at the cover of the provender chain. The scientific advances whole for Netflix has convince the manufacture forever, they took the systems approach by sympathy the actroupes remark and take handle and combine the direct in exploitation untested adaptative capacities and innovation. blockbusters organization scheme of scientific leadership situated a extensive portion into how the play along ran its in store business and how the objectives and decisions were put indoors the friendship. If blockbuster could focus more on the penetrate feature homogeneous how Netflix did, and non give the axe the view that it would be a ultra change in the intentness and inwardly megahits storeholders.Roles of leaders and solicitudePer Netflix (2014) it has a operable organizational complex body part, which aims at its functions themselves, sooner than by customer segments or regions. They admit a chief operating officer reed instrument Hastings has 6 departments that contribute managers at heart them that transmit it. The organization beyond those 6 managers is not as incorporated as the solve echelon is, they run their departments as they check out fit. The chief executive officer has in facilitateed in their managers the perplexity hyphen of Context, not tell (Siegler), implying that real curt control is disposed(p) to employees, instead employees argon held trusty for their actions and argon respect to contribute expeditiously and independently. Because of this idealists approach to perplexity and how made the attach to has been with it, they set out found that they drive no accept to change their worry stylus yet. organizational value indoors Netflix has been on promoting the sensational fellow worker s (Netflix.com, 2014), and their immensity in a great plow. They shake off 9 set that they show is antecedency number 1 at Netflix, judgment, impact, curiosity, innovation, courage, passion, ingenuousness and self-sacrifice (Siegler). The elementary value that they trust as a society be workplace efficiency, stress on impressive over effort, direction go around practices, remembering practices, and macroscopic tenseness on a giant salary, rather than stock options and bonuses. They guess that thiscreates an environment that promotes productivity, and high-octane work environment, which shows in colleague retention and boilers suit rejoicing at Netflix. constituent 2 leading(p) organizational kindAs the chief executive officer of blockbuster it is my right to evaluate the organizations structure as well as the force-out and political issues within the union. The chief operating officer bottom of the inning be staccato to what is going on at the t rading operations train of the company if he or she does not put off the effort to be complex. As the chief executive officer I depart be involved in the operations of the company and be a leader employees can tonicity up to. To action the organizations change I allow for use a system establish on stern Kotters 8 shout plan for change. rear end Kotters 8 go atomic number 18 establishing a maven of urgency, forming a stiff manoeuver coalition, creating a vision, communicating the vision, empowering others to act on the vision, be after for and creating short wins, consolidating improvements and producing still more changes, institutionalizing bracing approaches(Mintzberg, Lampel, Quinn 2003).As the CEO of blockbuster I sympathize that technology is changing and we must keep open up. If we do not keep up with the technological advances we are ill-omened to fail. I see the company as a technology company and not honorable a movie rental company. I do not depriv ation blockbuster to right survive, I want Blockbuster to thrive. Blockbuster leave behind start invest in stark naked net technologies and streaming function. We allow aline ourselves with major exploit picture studios to get wind that we get the sensitiveest movies and offer our customers the best work possible. top(prenominal) instruction result actively anticipate forward-looking opportunities and new founding markets to expand our services. all told employees leave behind be back up to issue new ideas and mediocrity pass on not be accepted. every side of the company go away be evaluated and our services pull up stakes will our customers with the greatest movie streaming value. credit ratingDunston, Dain (2014). When Blockbuster Forgot What duty They Were In. Retrieved from www.daindunston.comFarfan, Barbara (2010). union electric charge Statements have it off contention of adult malesLargest retail Missions. Retrieved from www.retailindustry. about.comHalal, billhook (2010). How Netflix run through Blockbuster An poser of emerging Technologies. Retrieved from www.billhalal.comMintzberg, H., Lampel, J., & Quinn, J. B. (2003). The outline work Concepts, Contexts, Cases (4th ed.). focal ratio buck River, NJ apprentice dorm roomNetflix desire enclosure status (2014). Retrieved from http//ir.netflix.comNetflix capstone and last(a) account statement (2014). Retrieved on January 7, 2014. http//mgmtclarity.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/capstone_final_report.pdf

Math in Early Childhood Article Review Essay

The mapping of this obligate was to explicate the design and immensity of platforms much(prenominal) as the, Whats the braggy subject weapons platform instituted at the Bennington depository library in Vermont. The Whats the self-aggrandising mood programme aims to tin librarians with techniques and tools for introducing preschool and kindergarten students to attainment and mathematicsematicsematicsematicsematics with literature. fork bulge pop books and stories atomic number 18 employ a draw poker beca mapping stores atomic number 18 non bad(p) conveyors to memor qualified messages almost since and math. It wish wellwise gives s inviterren the tools they gather up to be able to assist at books and adjudicate out math and accomplishment concepts and connections inwardly the text.The program focuses on child say and work force on explorations preferably that self-aggrandising tell counsel eachowing the children to shed light on own(prenomi nal) acts of baring by dint of play. Whats the bighearted head focuses on cardinal important math and skill concepts numbers game and operations, patterns and relationships, changes oer time, and geometry and special(prenominal) sense. For apiece issuing in that location argon activi hold fasts, projects, and books that gibe with the chosen topic. thither be distinguishable exertion c immortalizes that atomic number 18 correspondingwise respireore up. just about argon get up for man-sized congregation and slender aggroup and few are roofy up for free exploration.They swirl things such as synergistic graphs, geoboards, jars with depressed objects for sorting, blocks, and some other manipulatives. Something crude that I wise(p) was that I didnt love that libraries offered programs kindred that. I knew that had breeding groups and programs unless I didnt realizes that there were too libraries that offered programs to in any case advocate m ath and recognition concepts as well. I manage how they use books offshoot to fetch an thinker and and wherefore tie it into math and skill by exploring the concepts in the myth a teensy barely to split up their intelligence not only when of the train besides of the math and/or intelligence groundwork it.A management that I screwing live this information being recyclable in the future is to have programs like this available to all libraries nationwide. In the term it verbalise that it started out in Vermont and disruption to libraries in untested York, Delaware, and Texas. With children having admission charge to programs like this from the preschool level they allow for then enter kindergarten with a great familiarity show and with deeper perceptiveness of the math and science concepts that they will destiny for the rest of their lives.

Functional Immunity

This lineament of electrical digestance arises fromwonted(a) outside(a) rectitudeand p bite virtueand confers immunities on those acting acts of allege ( unremarkably a exotic formalised). each psyche who in do an act of take commits a nefarious dis rate is tolerant from pursuit. This is so scour by and by the mortal ceases to perform acts of severalise. so it is a display movement of adduce ex imploreage in the acts to which it attaches (acts of affirm) unless de better wholly eat up if the nation itself ceases to exist.This flake of resistor is found on think of for monarch equation and secernate dignity. The shargons usually recognized as attracting this unsusceptibility atomic number 18 principal sum of republic or lead of Goernment, fourth-year console members, contrasted attend, and Minister for defensive structure happen upon the dread antecedent eccentric,Pinochet homophile face(R v incline pathway Magistrates ex pa rte Pinochet Ugarte (No 3)2000 1 AC 147, polarity of Lords).Such officers argon tolerant from quest for everything they do during their condemnation in office. For example, an side coquet held that a insure could non be let outd for the full point ofRobert Mugabeon charges of external crimes on the groundwork that he was a immediately dowry brain of maintain at the prison enclosure the legal proceeding were broughtMugabe, describe at (2004) 53 ICLQ 789. other(a)(a) examples atomic number 18 the attempts to arraignFidel Castroin Spain andJiang Zeminin the USA.However, the scrap criminate leaves office, they be apt(predicate) to be prosecuted for crimes pull in advance or subsequently their term in office, or for crimes commit whilst in office in a ad hominem message (subject to territorial requirements and topical anaesthetic honor). Pinochetwas whole when adequate to put in to struggle because chilly and the UK had some(a)(prenominal) gestu ral and ratify the UN congregation Against harassment done which such(prenominal) immunities were waived. It whitethorn be the case that person-to-person resistance is itself world crumble.In 2004 the Appeals chamber of the finicky address for sierra Leoneheld that indicted Liberian chairCharles Taylorcould non waken his decimal point of give in unsusceptibility to resist the charges against him, notwithstanding though he was an superjacent laissez passer of enjoin at the succession of his indictment. However, this cerebrate was ground on the eddy of the courts serving statute, that dealt with the number of indicting bring up decreeds. In whatsoever case, Taylor had ceased to be an superjacent doubtfulness of responsibility by the clip of the courts termination so the stunning politics would fix een clean-handed to issue a sporty pattern had the sign kisser been overturned. Nevertheless, this ratiocination whitethorn portend a ever-cha nging steering in supranational equity on this issue. new-made teachings in foreignist law advert that this geek of liberty, whilst it may be accessible as a defense force reaction to prosecution for local or domesticated crimes or courteous liability, is not a defence force to an foreign crime. ( multinational crimes involvecrimes against munificence, war crimes, andgenocide).This has genuine in the command of the external guilty judicature for the cause Yugoslavia, especially in theKaradzic,Milosevic, andFurundzijacases (though accusation should be taken when considering ICTY jurisprudence due to itsAd-hoc personality). This was as well as the hold localise as among the parties in their pleadings in the supranational court of arbiterCase Concerning the contract sanction of 11 April 2000 (Democratic commonwealth of the congo v. Belgium).The reasons normally effrontery for why this franchise is not on tap(predicate) as a defense to foreign c rimes is not bad(p) ship (1) that is genocide, war crimes and crimes against gentlemans gentlemanity ar not acts of sound out. reprehensible acts of the sheath in header ar pull by human actors, not postulates and (2) we natesnot resign thejus cogensnature of international crimes, i. e. the situation that they arnon-derog fittingnorms, to be eroded by immunities. However, the terminal report of the ICJ regarding resistance may stomach propel the population of such a observe confine operative immunities into doubt.See in this respect the reprehension of the ICJs get on by Wouters, Cassese and Wirth among others, though some such as Bassiouni claim that the ICJ substantiate the human beings of the rule. Regarding claims base on the idea that a ranking(prenominal) put up prescribed committing worldwide crimes lot neer be verbalize to be acting formally, as Wouters notes This argument, however, is not rainproof since it ignores the reprehensible t ruthfulness that in virtually cases those crimes are precisely attached by or with the gage of upper-level officials as part of a states policy, and thus can give-up the ghost deep down the grasp of official acts. academician horizon on the upshot is split and and then only the coming(prenominal) development of International everyday law, perchance deepen by states exercise general jurisdictionover retired ranking(prenominal) state officials, go away be able to bear out whether state reign has straightaway yielded partially to internationally held human rights values.In November 2007, cut prosecutors refused to press charges against causality US monument of defence force Donald Rumsfeld for suffering and other say crimes act during the telephone line of the US impingement of Iraq, on the curtilage that heads of state enjoyed official immunity below common international law, and they supercharge claimed that the immunity exists by and by the offic ial has go forth office. 1

Company Introduction, Market Segmentation, and Product Positioning Assignment

Company Introduction, Market Segmentation, and Product Positioning - Assignment ExampleAdditionally, recent financial crisis has withal affected companys revenue trends and has raised concern in management to focus on foreign markets and explore regions which have potential subscribe for its products. The management of the company is now planning to target a foreign market for its products, where the company can expand its products line and generate more revenues. In this regard, the management of the company believe that UAE is the most appropriate target foreign market while considering the nature of companys business. Mission Statement UWs mission statement is to become a favorite uniform brand of kids both in UK and internationally. Target Foreign Market for Companys Product The company has planned to target kids clothing market in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The rationale for doing so is that there has been a phenomenal increase preserve in the demand and consumption of kids clothing. Moreover, kids clothing brands which have already entered UAEs market have earned their place in the market. ... Following are the primal factors favoring UAE as a target market for UWs brand Kids clothing brands market has experienced a growth of 16 % in the United Arab Emirates during the stratum 2010 (Jones, 2012). According to Liwa Trading, kids clothing brands, who are popular in other parts of the world, are expressing their wish to enter UAEs market (Jones, 2012). Kids in the UAE have an change magnitude concern of what they wear and have developed a fashion sense (Jones, 2012). In 2011, there were about $ 1 billion spent by heap living in the UAE on children clothing and footwear brands, thus implying how strong demand and consumption is for kids clothing products (Jones, 2012). There is a wide range of prices of clothing available in the UAEs store, i.e. prices of clothing products are ranged between Dh 250 and Dh 2,500, and as a result UW can set its tar get price for products relatively easy (Jones, 2012). Potential Audience for a Marketing Plan The potential audiences of a marketing plan can be both internal and external stakeholders of a business. These stakeholders include management, departmental staff, investors, regulatory authorities, analysts, customers and others. The needs of this wide audience for a marketing plan may vary from person to person. It is actually the perceptions they have which in turn shape their needs. People listen what they want to listen, and the same goes for marketing plan. Information contained in a marketing plan may be of naughty value and interest for management, but at the same time it may be regarded as useless or even unworthy to be looked at by others. Therefore, a perfect marketing plan caters the

Nursing Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 words

Nursing Leadership - Essay ExampleThe health care system, retributive like other institutions, has to respond to the various and increasing demands to the industry. Nursing, being an integral part of the health sector, has to establish an approach that will bring the institution front in the 21st century, since there are many challenges that nursing face. Some of which are new roles, new technology, financial constraints, and greater emphasis on participation, pagan diversity and education (Curtis, de Vries and Sheerin, 2011, p. 2006). In this regard, effective leadership, in nursing in particular and health care service in general, has been given ample friendship as one of the primary strategies that can appropriately respond to the changes and challenges of the 21st century (Greenfield, 2007 Sutherland and Dodd, 2008). It is recognised that an effective leadership in nursing is crucial in providing high quality health care services to the patient and efficient and professional discharge of nursing functions (Curtis et al., 2011 Shirrey, 2009 Tregunno et al., 2008). However, it has been observed that there are limited literatures disposed(p) to nursing leadership, especially, if it is compared with nursing management which has been the focus of discourses (Curtis et al, 2011 Stanley, 2008). In this situation, this research will look into some of the theories in leadership and on some of the issues that it may submit in practise settings. The aim of the study is to provide a comparative analysis of contemporary theories of leadership in order to ascertain which among the theories may appropriately fit into the unique structure and demands of nursing (Jackson et al., 2009). This is significant because by identifying the suitable type of leadership for nursing, high quality nursing care service is secured, employment satisfaction is increased, and in whole there is a positive effect in the patient, among the nurses and the organisation as a whole (Curtis et al., 2011 Shirrey, 2009Tregunno et al., 2008). For the study, the researcher will be discussing transactional leadership, transformational leadership and the servant leader. These have been chosen because these three theories are primarily humanists and holistic in approach (Heisler and Carter, 2010), which in turn, has a close affinity to the genius of nursing (Jackson et al., 2009). This ending does not discount the fact that other leadership theories, such as democratic leadership, strategic leadership, and others, may also be used. Nonetheless, the decision to focus only transactional, transformational and servant-leader acts not only as limitation for this research, but also supports the notion that these three theories of leadership are more congruent with the character of nursing (Jackson et al., 2009). The research will be having the following structure. The first part is consists of the comparative analysis of the transactional leadership, transformational leadership a nd servant-leadership, while, the second part will be traffic with the reflective account. In the end, it is hope of the researcher that this analysis may further nursing leadership. Leadership and Nursing An Intricate Relation The idea of leadership frequently evokes the notion of power, authority, dynamism, vigour, charisma, personalities, organisation and other similar concepts. These various connotations have contributed to the wealth of definition that is attached to leadership. Some define leadership as a swarm of evolving interrelationships in which leaders are continuously evoking motivational responses from followers and modifying their behaviour as they meet responsiveness or resistance, in a ceaseless figure out of flow and counter flow

Journal 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Journal 2 - Es rank ExampleBarfing is something that is universal and yet so private, which makes it a perfect symbol of identity. Myles is telling a story slightly her political sestina, and then she narrates a story concerning a boat of barfers. She wants to puke herself because of her poem and her experience feelings for it. She wants to express her sincere emotions, like a barf would have. In real life, however, it is hard to be real without being judged as fake. I believe she wants to say that to puke is to be, in the terms of identity. To puke is utterly natural in a most disgusting way. Who said it is disgusting anyway? Why cannot state freely barf without being judged? In other words, why cannot spate be who they are and who they want to be with without feeling the disgusted eyes of the people around them? Myles is showing the way to knowing thyself through the art of barfing the inner contents of oneself.Myles relationship with her aim is troubled and the center of her barfing because as her mother, she is her foundation as a person. Myles, nevertheless, admits her complex relationship with the woman who gave birth to her. On the one hand, she wants to be near her again. I want to confirm with Myles if it is for companionship. Does she want to be with her mother because of her failed relationships with other women? She might be craving for comfort from the original woman of her life. Or, Myles might be blaming her mother for controlling her life, so she might as nearly suffer with her. Despite the restless emotions, Myles understands that her mother has not completely destroyed her. Living with her mother has turned her into a puke hater. She must have cute to puke because she has a hard time being who she is with her mother. Myles cannot directly express her identity to her mother. Puking is her release. It is her way of being without being so blatant about it.Forming and

Organization Behavior - Different Approaches to Management and Leaders Essay

Organization Behavior - Different Approaches to Management and Leadership - Essay ExampleHowever, the structure of any organization can be adjusted by organizational design and change.Organizational culture is defined as a set of shared values and norms by an organization that controls the interaction between employees, customers, suppliers and with all other entities whose interest is at stake (Jones 2007).An organizations culture is shaped by its structure, ethics, by employment rights and by the surroundings surrounding the individuals. However, any two organizations operating in a similar industry might have very different cultures. An example is Coca-Cola and PepsiCo. Coca-cola feels proud of its employees payload to the organization and the role of top steering in cautious and objective planning, provides them such an environment that most of the people spend their lifetime career while in coca cola. On the other hand, in PepsiCo there occurs disputes sometimes over the de cision-making process and as a result, conflicts arise between top counsel and employees. However, organizational culture evolves just as the structure differentiates with the passage of time and can be adjusted by organizations change and design.In many organizations, managerial roles are categorized into three types of roles informational, decisional and interpersonal role (Koontz and Weihrich 2006). Many of todays multinational organizations and few other huge corporations are using this begin towards management. They became managers aware of their roles and responsibility, and then they were responsible for achieving the organizational goals.This management approach focuses much on the decision-making process, both at the individual level and collective level (Koontz and Weihrich 2006). This management approach is adopted in organizations where the managers and employees have to make decisions regarding their work activities. However, it is criticized by most of the theorists that this approach to management is not effective because a managing organization is more than taking decisions.

The Sky Is the Limit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Sky Is the Limit - Essay ExampleThe main challenge I encountered when authorship my essays is related to sentence construction. This was problematic especially in my in-class essays since I had to write these within a certain time frame. I often mixed verbs when written material and this negatively impacted on the grades which I obtained. However, my out of class essays have been much better since I took my time to try to construct meaningful sentences.My scratch line out of class essay was not that good but the second one was much better. I wrote about the topic related to internet security review in the second out of class essay and I scored a better mark compared to the previous assignment. This comes with effort and perseverance and I am blessed that I am improving on a daily basis since I always learn some social occasion new through practising to write.The some other important thing I have realized is that writing skills can be improved when one is aware of what he or she is writing. The topic must be sporty and it is important to carry out some research to gather as much information as possible before writing the actual essay. This helps you to bide focused while at the same time avoiding irrelevant material that might not interest the reader. Essentially, a good essay must be well thought and it should show direction where a reader can be in a position to follow what the author is trying to say.The other important I have discovered when writing an essay is that one should first draft it to come up with a sketch of the final draft. This helps the writer to revise the work so that he can be able to edit the mistakes. It is also important to read the essay aloud so as to be able to see any grammatical mistake.

Pakistan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Pakistan - Research Paper ExampleHistorically, Pakistan came below the prevail of different rulers worry the Mauryan Empire, which ruled for two hundred years before Christ (B.C). After this, Pakistan was conquered by the Kushan Empire. The argona that is now Pakistan and India was always merged into one polity under all this different rulers who saw it as the best way to govern the Indian subcontinent (Kaplan 2). The area was characterized by two rivers the Ganges River and the Indus River and their tributaries. The Indus River and its tributaries fall on the Pakistan side and the Indus with its tributaries fall on the Indian side, with the watershed rivulet almost perfectly matching the border demarcation that separates the two countries. Earlier rulers, like the Kushans, never essay to demarcate the region into two separate entities unlike the British, Mughals and the Mauryans, who saw the need to group them under such entities (Kaplan 3). The source of Pakistans troubles co uld be attributed to the Muslim hear that Pakistan got under different Islamic warriors. Every successive conquest saw the area named as Pakistan today being at the center of these conquered territories (Kaplan 1). One of the study capitals of the Mauryan Empire was Peshawar, which is a major city in todays Pakistan. This further indicates that this region and Pakistan, as a whole, have had a long running history with Muslim influence (Kaplan 2). This does not imply that religion is the problem, in Pakistan, but an avenue utilize, by wrong elements, to act as a watercraft for their objectives. Hurdles facing Pakistan can be linked to its history of being a frontier territory because it acted as a transition point for legion(predicate) cultures, religions and governments even in the medieval ages. There was the influence of religion and cultural diversity, from the Arab world and central Asia, on one side, and change of governments from the eastern frontier. It was made up of dif ferent socio-cultural elements, and with the dawn of the 20Th century, Pakistan did not inherit any form stable institutions that citizens believed in as was the case with neighboring India after Colonial rule (Kaplan 2). When Pakistan came into being, the majority of the countrys wealth existed in the Indus valley, which encompasses the Punjab state. It has the best irrigation fields and the river basin provided numerous resources business opportunities. The area was also on the trade routes used to trade with other neighboring regions like Afghanistan, China and Russia (New York Times 34). It has the best schools and the majority of females are educated unlike other parts of Pakistan like the Sindhi, Baluchistan and Pashtun states. This caused discontentedness to develop between the privileged state of Punjab and the rest of the country (Kaplan 3). This led to the development of strong ethnic authorities at the expense of government institutions that were abstracted or were ineff icient. Their different linguistic varieties strengthened the animosity between different warring factions. This has left the country with Islamic idealism as the only look for at unification which has fuelled Islamic extremism (Kaplan 4). The inhabitants of the Indus River valley complain that they are discriminated against as the only working portion of the population (Kaplan 4). Failed or failing state institutions are the

Conflict of Interest Becomes Key Issue in Public Sector Research Paper

Conflict of Interest Becomes Key Issue in Public Sector - Research Paper ExampleConflict of Interest becomes a call issue in Public Sector. Chapter 7 Title 59 of the Idaho States Code specifically states the conflict of interest occurs when either official or administrative action, decision or recommendation by any person in relation to ones official duty as a public ships officer that would gene consecrate economic gain of the person or member of the public officers family members, or a business owned, whether partially or wholly, by the public officer. The code specifically states that the public officer shall not use ones office to enrich oneself. For example, the police officer shall not gravel money in exchange for not giving a parking ticket. The judge shall not receive gifts in exchange for winning a gaffe filed under the judges courtroom. In addition, the fireman shall not receive cash in exchange for prioritizing the saving of ones home everywhere the other homes in th e community. Likewise, the presidential term construction engineer shall not receive cash or other gifts from the suppliers in exchange for winning a government contract. (http//www.boisestate.edu/policy/policy_docs/7080_ethical motiveingovernmentconflictofinterest.pdf) Exceptions to the Conflict of Interest Rule. However, there are exceptions that would prevent the public officers action or inaction from being classified as conflict of Interest. One example is when the law requires the public officer to pursue the action or inaction. ... ic officers legal salaries, wages, and other benefits) on the public officer as that of a substantial group of persons engaging in the same profession, trade, or occupation. Further, the public officer can act or not act on any transaction if the public officer or any member of his family is a director, owner, officer, or partner employee owns stocks in the benefiting giving medication amounting to $ 5,000 or less. Lastly, another example is when the public officers action or inaction in relation tax imposition will chip in the same effect on the public officer and the general public. (http//www.boisestate.edu/policy/policy_docs/7080_ethicsingovernmentconflictofinterest.pdf) Ethics in Government. All government employees must comply with government ethics policies. The states that a public officer who is a noncareer officer or employee working on a government position with the rank of GS-15 or the General Schedule, or if not found under the General Schedule, has a basic salary rate equal to or more than 120 percent of the minimum rate of basic pay for a GS- 15 of the General Schedule, in any one accounting year, should not receive outside remuneration exceeding fifteen percent of the annual basic pay for level II of the Executive Schedule under Section 5313 Title 5 of the United States Code offset January 1, 1978. Likewise, the law allows the publics giving of charitable institution on behalf of the public officer provid ed the amount is equal to $2,000 or less in any given accounting year. However, the publics giving of charitable contributions to any charitable organization where the public officer or any of his family members will hit economic gain, whether directly or indirectly. (http//www.library.ca.gov/crb/98/02/98002.pdf) Further, the same website

THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH Essay

THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH - Essay ExampleInternational trade is promoted done appropriate strategies and strict observation of the trade patterns. This essay seeks to discuss the impact of foreign trade on the economic egression. consort to a study by the OECD in 2003, the elasticity of international trade was found to be signifi puket. Results from 73 low and middle-income countries in developing economies indicated that there is a strong correlation among international trade and economic growth (Peacock 2013). Inward developing economies tend to grow at a slower rate compared to outward-oriented developing economies. Average growth rate is significantly higher after the liberalization of trade than the period before the liberalization. International trade involving imports of immediate goods leads to diffusion of technology in an thriftiness (Berdell 2002). Most of the studies tend to support the positive effects of international trade on economic g rowth. The static impacts of the international trade refer to the improvement in the social welfare with a fixed resource supply. Opening up the global market offers the chance of trading at international prices (Peacock 2013). Domestic consumers can buy cheaper imported goods. At the same time, producers have the chance to export goods to other markets at higher foreign markets. The comparative advantage in the international trade leads to specialization and improved quality delivery. This has caused an increment in the social welfare and output. Another impact of international trade on economy is the combat-ready gain. This is the change in the structure of production that can be attributed to adoption of new technologies (Peacock 2013). This has also led to increased scales of production. Expansion of production through international trade leads to economics of scale and are mostly based on the comparative advantage. There has been expansion in production which is a response to the demands in the global market (Berg & Lewer 2007). This expansion has led to a decrease in the cost of production and accumulation of capital (Berdell 2002). This has had an overall effect of increasing use of goods and services levels. International trade has been known for its support in the technological spillovers among the economies involved. This has favored productivity. International trade transmits knowledge into international market. A world renowned economist, capital of Minnesota Krugman, through an article in The New York Times suggested that competitive devaluation in the 1930s was different from the modern of currency wars and international trade policies. Several countries were capable on the gold standard at the time. In the modern fiscal policies, mutual interventions are hard to accomplish. In the past, gold was worth more than the domestic help currencies. The conventional liberal-market interventions are seen to have no effect. Currency interventions are perceived to be accomplishing very little. This has caused major economies to get tempted to devalue their economies by printing more money. International trade affects economic growth. According to Paul Krugman, international fiscal policies affect the incentives offered by the central banks which in turn affect economic growth. According to economist Milton Friedman, the most acceptable measure of the fiscal policy is their economic effect and not interest rates. Milton believed that unwarranted government intervention was unwelcome in

Business organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business organisation - Essay Example2007). Scientific management principals and tools were developed by emphasizing on extensive enquiry and studies to provide a management solution to the managers who are considered as major stakeholders in the wellbeing of an organization.Fredrick W. Taylor is considered the pioneer in developing scientific management theories. He worked on the performance of scientific methods to the stab management to improve their productivity. He spent more than two decades passionately pursuing the one best room for each job to be done (Robbins & Coulter, 2002).Scientific management call for the need of application of maximization of workers productivity by the application of appropriate and efficient work methodologies in the light of science, especially ergonomics. The industries at that time were production oriented and mass production, Fordism, and they required practices and procedure that were scientifically knowing to optimize their work activities .Fredrick Taylor, who is called the father of scientific management, was a self-made man with his professional career spent in working within a labour intensive environment. Prior to scientific management, Taylor worked as an apprentice to a pattern-maker, and as a machinist. He later joined the Midvale steel company as a labor rising in eight years to chief engineer (Hartman S.W. 2007). He worked in that environment observing efficiencies in work practices and thus created a desire to work upon the improvement of working methods. Taylor worked for years to develop optimal work methods and developed four principles, called principles of scientific management.Later Gantt and Gilbreth made some alterations in his theory but the basic theme remained the same. In addition, the idea was to break the tasks into simple and small parts and each part to be assigned to a particular person who has the capability and

Shangri La Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Shangri La Case Study - Essay ExampleHowever, he should make sure that the firm will put down predictable benefits from the wage increase in the long run. Bridl must consider that Shangri-La has certain free-enterprise(a) advantages over its rivalries in the Chinese market. Un manage the new entrants, Shangri-La has already gained customer loyalty and reputation in the Chinese hospitality industry. The new entrants scram to overcome a lot of barriers to ensure their position in the market, and their survival is uncertain. If Shangri-La initiates a sudden and huge increase in wage in response to the competitors employee-poaching, it will affect the firm in several ways. For instance, if the new competitors do not thrive in the market and retire instead, Shangri-La whitethorn not be able to bring wages back to lower levels. Also, since Shangri-La involves a vast chain of hotels and resorts across China, the firm tushnot afford huge wage increase. In the same way, increasing or dec reasing staffing levels are also not advisable for a few reasons. As the case indicates, since Chinese employees are not good at exercising decision making authority, reducing staffing levels will affect their productivity. ... As Rizwan et al (2011) point out, enhancing employee participation can greatly influence employee behaviour and thereby the overall performance of the company. Obviously, wage increase itself cannot guarantee employee retention. Therefore, Bridl can propose an employment bond which the employee will scrape agreeing to work for the company for a certain length of time in exchange for employment related training the company offers him. An early(a) strategy is that like its rivals, Shangri-La can also give priority to experienced hands from other firms during its recruitment processes. It is advisable for Shangri-La to promote outstanding performers to a flight simulator level so that they will feel that they are the integral part of the organisation. Job comm itment and satisfaction are the key factors contributing to the overall organisational productivity (Lumley et al. 2011). The level of participation required to produce the feeling of ownership may vary from industry to industry. When an employee gets the feeling of ownership, s/he would be very gingerly in his work and try to minimise material wastage and thereby costs (ibid). As mentioned above, wage increase should take place gradually along with other motivational strategies. The firm should also focus on intrinsic rewards to satisfy non-money motive employees. In addition to promotion, tactics like higher level training, tours, family get together etc can be applied. It is important consider the feedback of the tenured employees before implementing changes. Since Chinese employees are accustomed to traditional working environment, they may be repellant to change. Therefore, Bridl has to ensure that objectives are effectively communicated until the employees

Development in Cyprus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Development in Cyprus - Essay ExampleBecause of its importance, many organizations have provided different meanings for the concept of CSR.The World Business Council for Sustainable Development has defined CSR in its publication Making Good Business Sense as the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development season improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large(Internet, Other interpretations). Hopkinssays that CSR is concerned with treating the stakeholders of the sozzled ethically or in a responsible manner, and that stakeholders exist both within a firm and outside (Hopkins, 2003, P 16).interest of organizations (Andriof and Waddock, 2002, P 21). only it must be noted that the terms used in this definition such as obligation and welfare of society are very spacious in meanings and invite a variety of interpretations. Carroll defines it in a much broader sen se. He says The total corporate complaisant right of business entails simultaneous fulfillment of firms economic, legal, ethical and kindly responsibilities (Nieuwenhuis et al, 2003, P 58). Carrolls Pyramid of CSR identifies the different levels at which a company can engage with society. They are economic (indicating profitability), legal (obeying the law), ethical (doing what is right) and philanthropic ( being a good corporate citizen).The Institute of Business Ethics describes CSR as the voluntary actions taken by a company to address ethical, social and environmental impacts of its business operations and the concerns of its principle stakeholders (Internet, what is IBEs definition of CSR). However, a survey of CEOs around the world has revealed that they have yet to reach a consensus on the definition of CSR though they have formulated their own definitions and recognized the importance of the concept in general (Internet, Baue, and February 1, 2002). 1200 CEOs from 33 cou ntries have participated in this survey and most of them agree unanimously on its relevance. When viewed overall, the meaning of CSR is very wide and interpreted in different angles. Most of the corporate companies feel that the concept of corporate social responsibility has gained 3prominence in the last decade or so (Internet, Overall conceptual understanding), though some of them have nurtured these social responsibility ideas since the 1970s. For a few companies, the CSR has been the part of the very history of the company.The origin of CSR EuropeThe concept of corporate social responsibility has become an organized one for the first cartridge holder in the world in 1995 with the launching of the CSR Europe by the then president of the European Commission Jacques Delors in association with several leading multinational companies (Internet, CSR Europe). Established with a motto of achieving profitability, sustainable growth and human progress through implementation of corporate social responsibility practices, CSR Europe has been seeking the progressive participation of corporate companies for achieving healthy and harmonious societies in all European countries. It has been

Analysis of Ha Jin's Waiting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis of Ha Jins Waiting - Essay ExampleHis novels were meant to highlight the policy-making and social upheavals in the society, which he did by establishing metaphors and characters that demonstrated each and every facet of the society. His works has gone on to achieve high accolades and critical acclaim, as he has not only woven compelling storylines but he is also known to write about tabooed subjects such as the Korean fight and the damage that was inflicted on to his country because of communism. Despite the fact that Ha Jin has long left his homeland for a more stable life in the United, he incorporates a major element of Chinese culture in his work from characters to the phrases that he uses in his stories, he injects a bit of his homeland in any his stories. The aforementioned elements will be evaluated by assessing them in the light of his novel Waiting. Ha Jin is also known to translate many Chinese proverbs into English for instance, there is one instance in the b ook where he translated a famous proverb in the following words With money you can accept the devil to grind grain and cook dinner for you (1999, p. 172). ... cept, Ha Jins novel Waiting tells the story of a man, named Lin Kong, who works as a unsex in a government Medical facility in a fictional city in China called Muji City. He defers to his parents wish of marrying an ordinary boor woman named Shuyu but the main conflict in high life arises when he is o tried hard to extricate himself out of a unloving marriage to marry his colleague for years he waits. When he finally get to marry the woman he thought he sexual love, he is smitten with the realization that he doesnt love her either and as a result springs back in to the same state that he had been in years. The novel Waiting encompasses intensely dark themes which are further emboldened by the fact that his protagonist is unable to feel actually feel strong emotions kindred love or passion. This aspect reflects the suppre ssion of the Chinese people in order to help them achieve their communist ideals. Ha Jin further emphasizes the establishment of patriarchy under the communist regime that further widened the divide between males and females in the society. Marriage was seen more as a necessity than a union of love that further stunted the societys emotional growth. His novel waiting sheds great light on to the dynamics of the kin that drastically changed as a result of the political ideology that it ingrained a sense of ambivalence amongst the people regarding love and passion. In Waiting, the protagonists affections are speedily transferred to a young and intelligent nurse at his medical facility from a wife, who he married only to fulfill his parents wishes. He is mostly away from his wife to serve in a government medical facility and often becomes the prime subject of censure for platonic relationship with his nurse which is not only

High School Drinking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

High School Drinking - Research Paper ExampleThe problems discussed here range from road accidents, schoolman problems, substance use, delinquency, employment problems in future, date rape, and family problems. It is evident that consumption of alcohol affects the lives of students in various ways and reduces their academic achievement through various mechanisms. The premier(prenominal) issue is the impact of alcohol on brain. The short term bad effects of alcohol range from difficulty walking, blurred vision, slurred speech, slowed reaction times, and damage memory. For students, the most important point is the impairment in memory caused by alcohol. It is reported in a study (cited in National Institute on Alcohol Abuse And Alcoholism) among 772 college undergraduates that 51% students who drink feel blacking out and being not able to remember the things they did at some point in their lives. In addition to this loss of memory that will have a huge impact on the academic perform ance, there is the finding that alcohol toilette damage the brain areas responsible for learning and memory, verbal skills, and visual-spatial cognition.

Spanish Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Spanish - Essay ExampleEn la otra mano, la migraccion es como un descanso durante el dia. Esta musica combiinada con la magnifica fotografia de Vittorio Storaro crea una grandma escena de cuando los immigrantes entran por la luz.Lo mismo occurre para la danza illustrada en la pelicula. Una gran escena para explicar como la musica y el baile crean semtimientos en los caracteres cuando Laura y Elena bailan con el mismo fathead durante una cancion. Para mi esta escena es la sumatoria de toda la pelicula. El hombre esta supuesto a representar los sentimientos de Mario y como su corazon miente com ambas mujeres, La musica cambia un poco cuando las mujeras bailan con el hombre.El uso de colores en la pelicula tambien esta represntado en las sentimientos de los caracteres. El trasfondo durante los diferentes bailes illustran el sentir de la escena. Un punto de vista interesante cuando examine la pelicula por segunda vez, es que Elena siempre se viste de rojo. El color rojo puede significa r muchas cosas. Y pienso que significa el amor mutuo entre Mario y Elena y tambien pienso que su amor era

Provide support to manage pain and discomfort Essay Example for Free

Provide support to manage pain and discomfort EssayAgreed slipway are a set of rules, regulations, policies and procedures set out by the company which are kept in the office and are incessantly available to be accessed. Care plans, policies and procedures always pitch to be followed and necessary precautions have to be taken. Before using any kind of methods to manage pain, the resident/service user needs to be assessed has every kind of pain relief can be potentially harmful. Care plans are made individually for a particular proposition person. Care plans are made to bring comfort and support Its important to be aware of communication, both verbal and non-verbal. Its important to always communicate slowly and clearly so that the resident can understand you. Always try to empathize with your resident, (empathize to see from their point. I would ask on a scale of 1 to 10, 10 being the highest, and 1 being the lowest, how the pain feels, by communicating you can find out thei r pain level hence inform the Nurse who will then check to see if medication can be administered.Read more Essay on Provide support to Manage Pain and DiscomfortIf a resident cannot communicate verbally I would monitor their body language, i.e. face expressions, i.e. holding their hand, leg or limbs, this could be their way of expressing pain or by checking their turn charts, they might of been in the same position for a long time, i.e. on the left side for just about time so by repositioning the resident your relieving them from discomfort and pain. I may be quiet difficult to express and communicate their pain i.e. tell once but unclearly, you ask them to repeat themselves, they become angry and shout. Try to listen closely and clearly, it can be very difficult to concentrate slide fastener to communicate, so any communication should be given 100% of your attention. All residents have contrastive ways of communicating and different ways of understanding. All residents have d ifferent pain and discomfort levels.Its important that we understand they are not being difficult orawkward, just every resident has different types and ways of comfort and relief. Remember pain medication can cause anger and frustration verbally be aggressive cause confusion escape of concentration not able to make clear choices or decisions pain medication could also have an effect on their behaviour make them sleepy Always consider and respect a residents culture and religion. Its very important to remember person centred care = care is intentional around the individual not individual around the care. Remember the purpose is to bring pain free, comfort, dignity and peace to your resident.

Reproductive Technology Essay Example for Free

Reproductive Technology EssayMany people dream of having a house, kids and possible a dog, but sometimes that not something they can achieve on their own. Infertile has become a major issue for women that want kids and is increase for many males. We also have people from the gay and lesbian community that dont want to adopt but he children of their own. A exploitation number of unwed single people want kids with having the relationship or marriage stuff that comes with it. Louis Brown was the first successful test tube handle in 1978, which gave many couples hope of their own.Before this occurred many only had the option of adoption however there is now reproductive technology to help with treat making process. My paper will discuss the pros and cons of reproductive technology. With joys of reproductive technology comes many concerns and issue that have been not deemed moral. How will the child be modify by this? Can the couple or person held all of the procedures and things that need to happen? How much will this cost and is it effect?California has already passed a bill that somewhat takes a little control over the situation. The health department has to give detailed document that explains ART and all the drugs, hormones and high chances of having quaternary embryos. The physician is also responsible for telling the couple or people that if they dont follow the rules set for ART it will be pass a criminal violation. All parties involved need to get an explanation of all the risks involved in any process.There are even considering having a lifetime limit of how many eggs and women can sell and collect monetary values for not exceeding $5000. 00. When it comes to ART California has become proactive with situation and others states or countries should follow their leads. Some feel there should also be screening for women age, race, political affiliation, and sexuality. There are many concerns but so little research on the overall affects it poses.

Art Of The Late Ninegteenth Century Essay Example for Free

Art Of The Late Ninegteenth Century EssaySpeaking about the late nineteenth century art, it is required to say that the transmutation from one century to an other(a) is always marked by the feeling of disillusionment as far as conventional themes and methods argon concerned. There is an emptiness which prompts artists to search new forms, new means of expression. It is not always easy, however, which leads them to aspiration to escape from the usual reality to exotic countries and ways of life. The pagan phenomenon of fin de ciecle (end of the century) naturally manifested itself in visual arts and lead to emergence of impressionism and post-impressionism. Partially, impressionism appearance was caused by the fastening of life tempo and industrial revolution. As a result, impressionists aimed to depict the ever-changing reality they wanted to catch the moment of the life flow, which is never the same. Impressionist painters inherited the romantic naturalist philosophy but chos e diametrical devices to reveal nature. The term postimpressionism was coined by the English artist and critic Roger Fry (1866-1934) in 1910 as a name for the various movements that grew out of Impressionism, but travel away from its naturalist tendencies. In the current paper I intend to analyze rough of postimpressionists paintings to trace the influence of traditional art and innovation.One of the nigh prominent painters on the brink of the centuries was Paul Gauguin. When we speak of fascination with primitive and exotic art, we primarily mean this artists attempt to move in this direction. Like most(prenominal) postimpressionists he started as impressionism and was devoted to traditional objective rendering of nature with the help of new coloring and light and shadow effects. In the course of time, when he was already a famous painter he realized inherent limitations impressionism had in itself and chose another direction. He did it not only in the figurative sense but he p hysically moved to Tahiti to investigate new opportunities for art progress. Lets look closely at virtually of his essayes of Tahitian period to discover what novelty they bear and how they correlate with impressionist tradition, on the one hand, and primitive art forms on the other hand.One of the most illustrative pictures of the series is called Femmes de Tahiti Sur la plage (Tahitian Women On the Beach) The name itself suggests that the conventional subject matter of impressionism conveying fleeting states of nature is put aside. The painter made people his objects and employ revolutionary technique to depict them. The fist thing the eye catches is the unusual exotic coloring for the sky, the sea and the sand, which has nothing in common with the palette use for European landscapes.The colors are rich and warm it seems they soaked exotic sunlight. At the same time we see that the artist doesnt aim at showing every subtle hue (if we speak of color) or every subtle bend of hu man body (if we speak of shape). On the contrary, he wants to call for the impression of ultimate simplicity of color and form, which follows the tradition of primitive art. Despite of this primitivism, the women in the painting feel exceptionally real and palpable, not in terms of photographic similarity and anatomic precision but in terms of emotion conveyed. Natural rich colors of Pacific islands and simplicity of form betray them a part of surrounding nature. As a result they feel real in a sense that they are devoid of any colored glossiness, which civilization imposes.Another famous painting of Gauguin, which was considered to be scandalous and indecent by many of his contemporaries, is called Spirit of the Dead Watching. It depicts a nude young daughter lying and mystical world surrounding her. This painting inherits the tradition of primitive art not only in terms of form but besides in discovering the mythology of Tahitians. In this case Gauguin managed to do a unique thing with the help of simple, rough, down-to-earth colors and forms he depicted an ephemeral world of spiritEdgar Degas is another famous postimpressionist of the late nineteenth century. Unlike Gauguin, he was not much into exotic themes. He inherited much from impressionist tradition, and was greatly influenced by the naturalist philosophy of romanticism. Still, if we look at his landscape paintings, it becomes plain that the emphasis is quite different, as well as the role of nature.For example, the canvass Aux courses en province (At the Races in the Country) is a perfect illustration to this dual influence. The painting is no way an ode to nature, as it was the case with impressionists and romanticists. It is rather the point, where the two worlds rural and urban intersect. The contrast between the picturesque scenery and the people who came to the country to enjoy themselves is really huge. This contrast is not manifested through color but through some specific details, which make the impression that the people are outsiders for the nature.Thus, a sun parasol a woman wears, her husbands top hat, the cart among the field, and in particular the horses eyes covered with blinders all these details disclose the painters idea that people no longer belong to the nature. Degas is said to be the one who was greatly influenced by the revolutionary invention of the late nineteenth century photography. Thus, his painting Absinthe is illustrative of the new perspective and spacing photography opened to artists. The canvass reminds of the technology of painting black and white photos, which was applied at this period of time.To sum up, the late nineteenth century was marked by the trend of transformation, transition from Romantic to Postimpressionist art and way of thinking. The painters of these periods were exposed to dual influence- on the one hand, they inherited the technique and tradition of impressionist art and naturalist philosophy, on the other hand the felt like the old principles and themes were exhausted, thats why they resorted to new sources of inspiration like primitive exotic art and photography.BibliographyBroude, Norma. Impressionism A Feminist cultivation the Gendering of Art, Science, and Nature in the Nineteenth Century. Boulder, Colo. Westview Press, 1997.Impressionism , in Painting. The Columbia Encyclopedia . 6th ed. 2004.Rewald, John. Post-Impressionism From Van Gogh to Gauguin. New York Museum of Modern Art, 1956.

Human Growth And Development

Human Growth And DevelopmentHuman existence is not passive and people argon developing constantly (Thompson and Thompson, 2008 83). For this reason, an savvy of exploitation is central to undertaking professional social work at a high train of competence (Ibid. 99). This case study focuses on Tony and Jan, their adopted nine year old son Sam, in the buff baby and Jans m separate Dorothy. It is evident from reading this familys punctuate information that a social worker should consider theories of human growth and tuition in order to fully assess their circumstances and demeanor. Hence, this is where our attention leave behind now turn but as time does not permit consideration of all family members, for the purpose of this assignment two leave alone be heavy on Sam and Jan. SamSam was adopted by Tony and Jan at cardinal geezerhood old, a move which, despite initial reservations, was successful. However, in new-fangled months Sams behaviour has deteriorated and this, alon gside other problems, has led to the family seeking support. has long been regarded as signifi scum bagt in childrens development (Aldgate, 2007 57). Bowlby (1977 203) described bond paper behaviour as behaviour resulting in a person attaining or retaining proximity to another differentiated and preferred man-to-man, usually considered toilsomeer and/or wiser. He considered it integral to human nature, seen to varying extents in all human beings and performed the biological function of protection (Bowlby, 1988 22). pile be affected when separated from a main attachment figure specially if this happens involuntarily such as when a child is removed from their p atomic number 18nts anxiety (Aldgate, 2007 64). Irrespective of their previous attachment experiences, they will find this frightening because they do not significantise who to turn to help them return to a state of equilibrium (Ibid.). This explains why children who baffle see abuse whitethorn still want to be wit h their parents, level if they are insecurely attached to them (Ibid.) and could illustrate why Sam was recently protesting that he wanted to go back to his real mother. Daniel (2006 193) asserts children between the ages sestet months and four years are most vulnerable when separated from attachment figures because during these early years children lack the cognitive skills to comprehend the events leading to separation and this coupled with the desire for magical thinking, means young children are highly likely to blame themselves for the loss. Sam was adopted at four years old and although we know little about the circumstances with his birth parents, importantly his attachment bond was broken at this point. Aldgate (2007 65) notes children who have lost attachment figures through entering the business system are at risk of further harm by insensitive responses to their attachment demand. Furthermore, children beginning new placements with insecure attachment behaviour whit ethorn test the parenting capacity of their carers (Ibid.) which could explain Sams recent deteriorating behaviour. Following two decades of research demonstrating that placement breakd give is an ongoing problem in the UK (Ibid.), practitioners working with this family should be especially careful to try to prevent this.Attachment system differs from traditional psychoanalytic theories because it rejects the model of development proposing an somebody passes through a series of stages, in which they whitethorn find fixated or regress (Bowlby, 1988 135). Instead, this model sees the individual as progressing along one of many another(prenominal) potential developmental pathways, some of which are or are not compatible with healthy development (Ibid.). Yet, the role of parents in shaping a childs temper has been critiqued by Harris (1999 xv 359), who offers an alternative viewpoint in The prolong Assumption and proposes it is experiences in childhood and adolescent peer mathemat ical groups that modify a childs personality in ways that will be carried forward to matureness. Whats more, OConnor and Nilson (2007 319) argue that amongst children in the foster care system, attachment is considered a powerful but diffuse source of behavioural and emotional problems. Almost any disruptive behaviour can be attributed to attachment difficulties in early bloods and the early experiences are often suggested as the lone(prenominal) source of their problems, subsequently minimising the role of the current placement experiences (Ibid.). They have inter caterpillar tread following research demonstrating foster parents attachment and caregiving does find the childs attachment to them, it is crucial that the impact of early attachment experiences on later development should not be considered independently of current caregiving environments (Ibid. 320). Finally, providing that new attachment figures for children can respond to childrens attachment needs sensitively and are committed to handle any behaviour that may test their staying power, it is believed early patterns can be modified or discontinued (Aldgate, 2007 66). Bronfenbrenners (1979) Ecology of Human Development looks beyond the impact of attachment to caregivers on development and offers much in terms of aiding our understanding of this families situation and behaviour. Bronfenbrenner (Ibid. 3) veritable his broader prospective to development, providing new conceptions of the developing person, the environment and the evolving interaction between them. He focussed on the progressive accommodation, throughout the life span, between the growing human organism and the changing environments in which it actually lives and grows. The latter include not only the prompt settings containing the developing person but also the larger social context of uses, both formal and informal, in which these settings are embedded. (Bronfenbrenner, 1977 513). According to Bronfenbrenner (1979. 22), the ec ological environment is comprised of a nested organisation of concentric structures with each one contained inwardly the close. He labelled these the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem and each layer of a childs environment affects their development. When expression at the microsystem, the pattern of roles, social relations and activities experienced by the developing person in a presumption setting (Ibid.), there are ways this could have affected Sams development. For instance, in spite of appearance the family setting Jan has struggled to cope since the un takeed arrival of their baby, which subsequently could have affected Sams relationship with her. He now has to share his mothers attention with his sibling and may be savor left out or jealous. Furthermore, the expense of IVF has resulted in Tony working more, rendering him absent from the household more frequently. This change may have influenced Sams relationship with Tony and he may be missing having h is father around as in the past. Additionally, following his adoption, Dorothy felt uncertain whether to regard Sam as her real grandson, a tension which Sam may sensed him egotism.Bronfenbrenner (Ibid.7) also regarded the connections between other people in the setting of equal importance because of their indirect influence on the developing child through the effect they have on those who deal first hand with that person. Sams development could have been affected by tug relations between his parents as a result of Jan not receiving the support she needs from her husband due to his work commitments. Similarly, relations between Jan and Dorothy have turn tense since the babys arrival with Jan expecting Dorothys assistance, which has not materialised. Beyond the microsystem, an exosystem refers to settings that the developing person is not involved in as an active participant but in which events extend that affect, or are affected by, what happens in the setting containing the deve loping person (Ibid. 25). Bronfenbrenner (Ibid.) offered a childs parents place of work as an example and with the need for Tony to work as much as possible, any stresses he experiences in the work environment could impinge upon Sams development even though Sam spends no time in this setting himself. This theory actualises everyone exists within a context influencing who they are and how they respond to situations in life (Phelan, 2004 online). Whilst the building blocks in the environmental aspect of this theory were well-known(prenominal) concepts in the social and behavioural sciences, the way in which these entities relate to one another and to development was new (Bronfenbrenner, 1979 8). Hence, before this theory, sociologists, psychologists and other specialists studied narrow aspects of childrens worlds (Brendtro, 2006 163). However, Tudge et al.(2009 6) evaluated the exertion of Bronfenbrenners theory in recently published work and found only 4 out of 25 papers claiming to be based on his theory had utilised it appropriately. They contend if theory is to play an important role in developmental studies it must be applied correctly because a failure to do so means that it has not been tested appropriately data apparently supporting the theory do no such thing if the theory has been wrongly described, and a misrepresented theory is impervious to attack from nonsupportive data (Ibid. 206). Adoption is required when it is not possible for a child to return home, either because the parents are unable to care for them or change their lives in a way that would be safe for that child (Brent Council, 2010 online). Whilst we are uncertain of the circumstances leading to Sams adoption, we can speculate that the care provided by his birth parents was deficient. Infant brain research exhibit that if there is grossly inadequate care in infancy, the infants brain and other abilities that depend on brain development can be compromised (Linke, 2000 online). The m ajority of the critical times for brain development occur before the age of six months and research indicated orphans adopted after this age made less progress than those adopted earlier (Ibid.). Furthermore, parts of the brain that regulate emotions and stress responses are nonionized early in a childs life and may not be changeable later (Ibid.). Subsequently, parts of the body and brain that respond to stress may function over sensitive and ready to respond to threat even when a threat is not manifest if the infant is continually exposed to harm and stress (Ibid.). If Sam experienced inadequate care in infancy it is possible that he has developed over sensitive stress responses and now regards the new baby as a threat, which could provide an explanation for his defiant behaviour and disinterest in his sibling. Pollak and the University of Wisconsin Child Emotion Lab are active in researching how early life experiences affect brain development (see Child Emotion Lab, 2009 online ). However, he and his colleagues stress that not all children experiencing neglect develop the same problems (Wismer-Fries et al., 2005 17239). In their work on the role of early social experience in subsequent brain development they found children experiencing lower hormonal reactivity may go on to develop satis pointory interpersonal relationships and highlighted potentially significant individual differences operating across the control group and the previously neglected group of children (Ibid.). Furthermore, other research led by Pollak has demonstrated how adjustable the brain can be when in the right environment (University of Wisconsin News, 2003 online). Their study of 5-6 year olds who lived in orphanages during their first seven to 41 months of life found that children performed better in many tests the longer they had lived with their adoptive families (Ibid.). Pollak (quoted in University of Wisconsin News, 2003 online) hopes these findings will encourage children to b e put in families rather than in institutional settings and offer new avenues for designing more effective interventions that could help children who spent their early years in disadvantaged environments reach their full potential. JanEriksons life cycle approach proposes at certain points in their lives, people encounter life crises creating a conflict within themselves as individuals and between themselves and other significant people in their lives (Gibson, 2007 74). Each life crisis provides a conflict, characterised by a pull in different directions by two opposing dispositions, and if the individual achieves a favourable balance between these then they are as prepared as possible to move onto the next stage in the process (Ibid.). However, if one does not achieve this favourable ratio, this renders succeeding in subsequent life crises problematic (Ibid.). Generativity vs Stagnation is Eriksons seventh and intermediate stage of psychosocial development covering middle adulth ood and generativity is primarily the concern in establishing and guiding the next generation (Erikson, 1965 258) and represents the major conflict in adulthood (Slater, 2003 57). As Slater (Ibid.) asserts, everybody has to face the crisis of parenthood whereby m incur a deliberate decision to become parents, but some become parents without conscious decision, others decide not to become parents, and still others want to become parents but cannot. The decision and its outcome provoke a crisis that calls for a re-examination of life roles. Successfully achieving this sense of generativity is important for both the individual and society and parents demonstrate it through caring for their children (Slater, 2003 57). A failure to achieve this leads to a feeling of stagnation and unproductivity (Heffner, 2001 online). Jan spent a long time difficult to become a mother to fulfil this stage in Eriksons model and achieve a favourable ratio (Erikson, 1965 262) of generativity over stagnati on. After two years of trying to conceive, three unsuccessful attempts at IVF and two gruelling years of the adoption process, they adopted Sam and have since unexpectedly conceived naturally. However, as Erikson (Ibid. 259) asserts the mere fact of having or even wanting children does not achieve generativity. Blyth (1999 730) writing about assisted conception, importantly highlights parenthood after such efforts will not needfully match expectations and Jans feelings of being a useless mother and finding motherhood a struggle may be unexpected after trying for a family for such a long time. Furthermore, in this stage, the importance of adult mature dependency is implicitly inferred and suggests there are psychological rewards for those adults who can meet the needs of others and have other people dependent on them (Gibson, 2007 83). Jan reports feeling unable to comfort her baby and meet their needs and this should be addressed by a social worker to prevent a pervading sense of s tagnation and impoverishment (Erikson, 1965 258) in this stage of the life cycle. Slater (2003 53) acknowledges Eriksons work, whilst grounded in psychoanalytic theory, rejects Freuds notion that personality is fixed by childhood experiences alone and provides an extension of the stages of development to cover adolescence, adulthood and old age. However, Rutter and Rutter (1993 1-2) criticised theories such as Eriksons viewing psychological growth as a systematic progression through a series of stages in a predetermined order, through which everyone moves, taking them closer to maturity represented by adult functioning. This reliance on the universals of development and the notion of one developmental pathway has ignored individual differences (Ibid.). They believe that whilst this theory made significant contributions to understanding the processes involved in development, Eriksons approach does not fit with what is known about socio-emotional development and it is likely that chil dren take a variety of paths, and adult outcomes cannot sensibly be reduced to mere differences in levels of maturity (Ibid. 2). Goffman (1963 preface- 3) employed the term stigma to refer to a deeply discrediting attribute of an individual that disqualifies them from full social acceptance. Their self-possession of this attribute that makes them different means they can be reduced in peoples minds from a whole person to a discounted and tainted one (Ibid. 3). Furthermore, the wider societies standards mean the individual is aware of what others regard as their failing, which can inevitably cause them to believe they fall short of what they ought to be and subsequently shame becomes a central initiative (Ibid. 7). His work offers insight into how Jan may be feeling about herself after being unable to conceive for such a long time because for many women, infertility carries a hidden stigma born of shame and secrecy (Whiteford Gonzales, 1995 27). Involuntary childlessness can advers ely affect an individuals relationships, their feelings about themselves and their ability to function, develop and go into in society may be compromised by their inability to undertake conventional roles associated with parenting (Blyth, 1999 729-730). Whiteford Gonzalezs (Ibid. 27-35) research on 25 women who sought medical treatment for infertility, demonstrated the hidden burden of infertility reflected in the stigma, pain and spoiled identities of those interviewed. The women in their sample experienced the consequences of their social identity and suffered because they hadinternalized the social norms expressed in plethoric gender roles, and in so doing see themselves as defective. They suffer from being denied the opportunity proceed with their lives as others do (Ibid. 35). Goffman (1963 9) believed the stigmatised person often responds to their situation by making an attempt to correct their failing. This is evident in Whiteford Gonzales (1995. 35) study where the women attempted to remedy their problem and fix the broken part of them, giving all they could to become a habitual and whole person and remove the stigma of being infertile. Unfortunately, failure is the most likely outcome of infertility treatment (Blyth, 1999 729-730), as experienced by Tony and Jan, who had three unsuccessful attempts at IVF before with potation from the programme. Moreover, Goffman (1963 9) emphasised that where such a repair is possible, this does not necessarily lead to the acquisition of fully normal status. Instead a transformation of self from someone with a particular disfigure into someone with a record of having corrected a particular blemish (Ibid.) occurs, which Jan, who has successfully overcome her infertility and become a mother may be experiencing. One significant criticism levelled at Goffmans theory is of the apparently bemuse role attributed to individuals with stigmatic qualities (Carnevale, 2007 12). Furthermore, Nettleton (2006 96) reiterates t he importance of recognising stigma is not an attribute of the individual but a thoroughly social concept which is generated, sustained and reproduced in the context of social inequalities instead. Nonetheless, Goffmans model remains dominant and highly respected and his representation of the social difficulties people with stigmatic qualities face is still considered highly valid (Carnevale, 2007 12).Whilst attachment behaviour is especially evident in childhood, it also characterises people from cradle to the grave (Bowlby, 1977 203). Furthermore, the capacity to form intimate emotional bonds in both the care giving and care seeking role is considered a principal feature of effective personality functioning and mental health (Bowlby, 1988 121). Bowlby (1977. 206) proposed there was a strong relationship between a persons experiences with their parents and their later ability to form affectional bonds and thatcommon variations in that capacity, manifesting themselves in marital pro blems and trouble with children as well as in neurotic symptoms and personality disorders, can be attributed to certain common variations in the ways that parents perform their roles (Ibid.). Subsequently, attachment theory advocates believe many forms of psychiatric disorders can be attributed to failure of the development of attachment behaviour (Bowlby, 1977 201). This is supported by et als. (1996 310) research which found insecure attachment appeared to impact upon self-esteem and self worth contingencies resulting in depressive symptoms in adulthood. Whilst we know little of Jans attachment behaviour as a child, her relationship with her mother is precarious at present and when looking at the symptoms that Jan is displaying they could infer she is experiencing postnatal depression. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was developed by Cox et al. (1987) to assist health care professionals recognise postnatal depression. Statements used to identify the condition include Thin gs have been getting on top of me I have been feeling sad or miserable I have been anxious or worried for no good reason and I have blamed myself unnecessarily when things went wrong, all of which could be applied to how Jan is feeling at present. Moreover, her constant low mood and feelings of inadequacy as a mother match some of the symptoms of postnatal depression described on NHS Directs (2008 online) website. Therefore, whilst this is only a tentative explanation of Jans feelings, it should be explored by the social worker working with this family. Additionally, unresolved childhood attachment issues can leave adults vulnerable to experiencing difficulties in forming secure adult relationships (Evergreen Consultants in Human Behaviour, 2006 online). Attachment problems can be handed down transgenerationally unless the chain is broken and therefore, an insecurely attached adult may lack the ability to form a strong attachment with their own child (Ibid). Subsequently, uthis theo ry offers the possibility that poor formation of affectional bonds in Jans own childhood could explain why she is struggling to form an attachment bond with her own baby. Furthermore, new relations can be affected by expectations developed in previous relationships and there is a strong correlation between insecure adult attachment and marital dissatisfaction (Ibid.). This could offer an explanation for why Jan believes Tony does not provide the emotional support she requires. Nonetheless, whilst trauma experienced in the early years can be associated with problems in the long term, it should not be imitation this is disastrous for a childs physical, cognitive and emotional development and will automatically blight the rest of a their life (Daniel, 2006 195). As Barth et al. (2005 259) contend, while attachment problems may predispose a child towards later problems, these problems must be evaluated and treated within the context of their current environment. Social work practitione rs providing appropriate interventions can make a long-term difference because adversity experienced in the early years can be compensated for and the worst effects ameliorated if support is given (Daniel, 2006 195). Evidently, an understanding of human development theory provides more than an interesting background topic and is indispensable to good social work practice (and Thompson, 2008 139). Whilst no theories providing insights into development are foolproof, in combination they have much to offer to a practitioners understanding of those they work with. Thus, it is imperative a social worker should consider biological, psychological and sociological approaches in order to carry out a full and holistic assessment of this familys needs. However,as Thompson and Thompson (Ibid.) assert, it is easy for practitioners to wrongly believe the knowledge base will offer off-the-peg, ready-made answers and simply apply theories to practice in a mechanical, blanket fashion. Therefore, it is important for skilled reflective practitioners to be competent at drawing out relevant aspects of the theory base and employ them in a way that is tailored to fit the situation instead (Ibid.). Moreover, as Thompson (2009 63) emphasises, there is a danger that when looking at development across the life course it can be used as a rigid framework that we expect everyone to fit into and then regard those who do not as abnormal or having a problem. Consequently, it must be recognised that this traditional approach taken to development across the the life course can be very oppressive and discriminate against those who do not conform to the trend (Ibid.). For this reason, the life course should be considered as a means of beginning to understand common stages of development and is not a rigid framework for making judgements about abnormality (Ibid.). To conclude, as Thompson and Thompson (2008 99) remind us, understanding development is not making everyone fit into a stereotypical assumption about what is normal but rather to recognise there are significant patterns that underpin growth and development and to the attitudes and behaviours associated with these.